Social orienting predicts implicit false belief understanding in preschoolers

Burnside, Kimberly; Wright, Kristyn; Poulin‐Dubois, Diane

doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2018.05.015

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A recent study conducted using the same design on a larger TD sample ( n = 30) revealed a moderate, albeit non-significant, positive correlation between ToM and the Static LAI condition. This finding provides preliminary support for the social motivation theory in the TD population (Burnside, Wright, & Poulin-Dubois, 2016). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Although the correlations between the measures of social orienting failed to reach statistical significance, they were in the expected direction, at least among the TD children. Again, preliminary results conducted on a larger TD sample ( n = 29) revealed a significant correlation between the composite score of the static visual and the biological motion score [ r = .449, P = .015; Burnside et al, ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social motivation and implicit theory of mind in children with autism spectrum disorder

2017

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According to the social motivation theory of autism, children who develop Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have early deficits in social motivation, which is expressed by decreased attention to social information. These deficits are said to lead to impaired socio-cognitive development, such as theory of mind (ToM). There is little research focused on the relation between social motivation and ToM in this population. The goal of the present study was to investigate the link between one aspect of social motivation, social orienting, and ToM in preschoolers with ASD. It was expected that, in contrast to typically developing (TD) children, children with ASD would show impaired performance on tasks measuring social orienting and ToM. It was also expected that children’s performance on the social orienting tasks would be correlated with their performance on the ToM task. A total of 17 children with ASD and 16 TD children participated in this study. Participants completed two social orienting tasks, a face preference task and a biological motion preference task, as well an implicit false belief task. Results reveal that TD children, but not children with ASD, exhibited social preference as measured by a preference for faces and biological motion. Furthermore, children with ASD tended to perform worse on the ToM task compared to their TD counterparts. Performance on the social motivation tasks and the ToM task tended to be related but only for the TD children. These findings suggest that ToM is multifaceted and that motivational deficits might have downstream effects even on implicit theory of mind.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social motivation and implicit theory of mind in children with autism spectrum disorder

2017

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“…; Bian and Yan, 2015). More importantly, the results on the implicit level were more stable (Schneider et al, 2015; Shi et al, 2015; Burnside et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Influence of Self-Relevance and Cultural Values on Moral Orientation

Bian

Sun

et al. 2019

Front. Psychol.

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Moral orientation refers to moral values that have a consistent guiding orientation toward an individual's moral cognition and behavior. Gilligan ( 1982 ) proposed that individuals have two moral orientations, namely “justice” and “care.” In the current study, we investigated the influence of self-relevance and cultural values on justice and care by using Single Attribute Implicit Association Test (SA-IAT). In Experiments 1 and 2, we adopted cultural icon prime paradigm to examine the effects of different self-referential stimuli (self, friend, and stranger) on implicit moral justice and care orientation under two cultural value conditions: traditionality, modernity, and neutral cultural values. Participants exhibited more difference toward different self-referential stimuli in the traditionality condition than in the modernity condition; the priming of traditional culture aggravated the differential order, whereas the priming of modernity weakened the differential order regarding implicitly just moral orientation. In the implicit care orientation, participants in the modern culture group exhibited the least difference to different self-referential stimuli compared with the other two groups, and the traditional group and the control group did not differ significantly. These findings indicate that psychological modernity weakens the degree of self-related effect in implicit justice and care orientation, whereas traditional culture aggravates the differential order in justice orientation. The current studies provide empirical support for theories relating moral orientation, also informing the literature on the role of self-relevance information and cultural values in moral decision making.

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“…Collaborative endeavors, in which different partners pursue a joint goal, comprise a particularly important context in this regard given that social interdependence and the necessity to coordinate urge individuals to track the beliefs, thoughts, and actions of their collaborative partners [3]. Studies have provided initial evidence that social motivation may indeed be linked to Theory of Mind development among urban Western children (e.g., [42]). Yet, it remains unclear whether this link can be applied outside such populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural variation in young children’s social motivation for peer collaboration and its relation to the ontogeny of Theory of Mind

2020

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Children seek and like to engage in collaborative activities with their peers. This social motivation is hypothesized to facilitate their emerging social-cognitive skills and vice versa. Current evidence on the ontogeny of social motivation and its’ links to social cognition, however, is subject to a sampling bias toward participants from urban Western populations. Here, we show both cross-cultural variation and homogeneity in three- to eight-year-old children’s expressed positive emotions during and explicit preferences for peer collaboration across three diverse populations (urban German, rural Hai||om/Namibia, rural Ovambo/Namibia; n = 240). Children expressed more positive emotions during collaboration as compared to individual activity, but the extent varied across populations. Children’s preferences for collaboration differed markedly between populations and across ages: While German children across all ages sought collaboration, Hai||om children preferred to act individually throughout childhood. Ovambo children preferred individual play increasingly with age. Across populations, positive emotions expressed selectively during collaboration, predicted children’s social-cognitive skills. These findings provide evidence that culture shapes young children’s social motivation for dyadic peer collaboration. At the same time, the positive relation of social motivation and social cognition in early ontogeny appears cross-culturally constant.

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Social orienting predicts implicit false belief understanding in preschoolers

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Social motivation and implicit theory of mind in children with autism spectrum disorder

Social motivation and implicit theory of mind in children with autism spectrum disorder

The Influence of Self-Relevance and Cultural Values on Moral Orientation

Cultural variation in young children’s social motivation for peer collaboration and its relation to the ontogeny of Theory of Mind

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