Social Modifications of the Multiple Birth Effect on <scp>IQ</scp> and Body Size: a Population‐Based Study of Young Adult Males

Silventoinen, Karri; Myrskylä, Mikko; Tynelius, Per; Yokoyama, Yoshie; Rasmussen, Finn

doi:10.1111/ppe.12054

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, in all of these previous studies, the participants were born in the 1970s or later. Since there is clear evidence of the trend of lower IQs in twins compared to singletons in the earlier birth cohorts diminishing in the more recent birth cohorts (Silventoinen et al, 2013; Voracek & Haubner, 2008), it is possible that twins have also been behind singletons in school performance in the earlier birth cohorts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education in Twins and Their Parents Across Birth Cohorts Over 100 years: An Individual-Level Pooled Analysis of 42-Twin Cohorts

et al. 2017

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Whether monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins differ from each other in a variety of phenotypes is important for genetic twin modeling and for inferences made from twin studies in general. We analyzed whether there were differences in individual, maternal and paternal education between MZ and DZ twins in a large pooled dataset. Information was gathered on individual education for 218,362 adult twins from 27 twin cohorts (53% females; 39% MZ twins), and on maternal and paternal education for 147,315 and 143,056 twins respectively, from 28 twin cohorts (52% females; 38% MZ twins). Together, we had information on individual or parental education from 42 twin cohorts representing 19 countries. The original education classifications were transformed to education years and analyzed using linear regression models. Overall, MZ males had 0.26 (95% CI [0.21, 0.31]) years and MZ females 0.17 (95% CI [0.12, 0.21]) years longer education than DZ twins. The zygosity difference became smaller in more recent birth cohorts for both males and females. Parental education was somewhat longer for fathers of DZ twins in cohorts born in 1990–1999 (0.16 years, 95% CI [0.08, 0.25]) and 2000 or later (0.11 years, 95% CI [0.00, 0.22]), compared with fathers of MZ twins. The results show that the years of both individual and parental education are largely similar in MZ and DZ twins. We suggest that the socio-economic differences between MZ and DZ twins are so small that inferences based upon genetic modeling of twin data are not affected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education in Twins and Their Parents Across Birth Cohorts Over 100 years: An Individual-Level Pooled Analysis of 42-Twin Cohorts

et al. 2017

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The body mass index (BMI) of twins has been compared with that of singletons in several studies (Andrew et al, ; Estourgie‐van Burk et al, ; Poulsen et al, ; Silventoinen et al, ). Most of these studies indicated that twins are slimmer (Andrew et al, ; Estourgie‐van Burk et al, ; Silventoinen et al, ). Such a difference in BMI between twins and singletons was found in studies of children (Estourgie‐van Burk et al, ) and adults (Andrew et al, ; Estourgie‐van Burk et al, ; Silventoinen et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these studies indicated that twins are slimmer (Andrew et al, ; Estourgie‐van Burk et al, ; Silventoinen et al, ). Such a difference in BMI between twins and singletons was found in studies of children (Estourgie‐van Burk et al, ) and adults (Andrew et al, ; Estourgie‐van Burk et al, ; Silventoinen et al, ). The causes behind this difference are unclear, however.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is the twin‐singleton difference in BMI related to the difference in birth weight? A register‐based birth cohort study of Norwegian males

Eriksen

Tambs

2016

American J Hum Biol

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“…A recent study compared the IQ scores, body size and strength measures of Swedish twins and their non-twin siblings (Silventoinen et al, 2013). Participants were Swedish men born between 1951 and 1976.…”

Section: Multiple Birth Effects On Iq and Body Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Twins Reunited: Scientific and Personal Perspectives/Twin Research Studies: Multiple Birth Effects on IQ and Body Size; Life Style, Muscles, and Metabolism; Monochorionic Dizygotic Twin with Blood Chimerism; Amniocentesis for Twins/Twins in the Media: Identical Doctors; Freedom Fighter for Twins; Twin Scholarships; Auguste and Jean-Felix Piccard; Twins Born Apart

Segal

Mulligan

2014

Twin Res Hum Genet

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A reunion of 38-year-old female monozygotic twins took place in Daegu, South Korea, on January 14, 2014. Scientific and personal perspectives on this extraordinary event are provided. A review of timely twin research follows, covering the effects of multiple births on IQ and body size, lifestyle and physical fitness associations, a rare case of a dizygotic twin with blood chimerism and definitional issues surrounding amniocentesis-related loss in multiple birth pregnancies. Interesting and informative mention of twins in the media includes twin doctors, a twin freedom fighter, the availability of college scholarships for twins, a new book about the Piccard family (two of whose members were twins), and co-twins born before and after the new year. A follow-up to a previous mention of identical twin biatheletes is also provided.

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Social Modifications of the Multiple Birth Effect on IQ and Body Size: a Population‐Based Study of Young Adult Males

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Education in Twins and Their Parents Across Birth Cohorts Over 100 years: An Individual-Level Pooled Analysis of 42-Twin Cohorts

Education in Twins and Their Parents Across Birth Cohorts Over 100 years: An Individual-Level Pooled Analysis of 42-Twin Cohorts

Is the twin‐singleton difference in BMI related to the difference in birth weight? A register‐based birth cohort study of Norwegian males

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