“…To the contrary, it relies on platforms developed for social networking, entertainment, self‐expression, and socialization, and can thus be spontaneously political and targeted toward multiple actors and groups within and beyond the government in a bottom‐up manner. This flexible, interactive, low‐cost, and collaborative nature of DNP, along with the attention‐grabbing potential it can have when (and if) it scales (Barberá et al, 2015; Margetts, John, Escher, & Reissfelder, 2011; Margetts, John, Hale, & Yasseri, 2015), has made it a popular way of engagement across the world (Theocharis & van Deth, 2018a; Anderson, Toor, Rainie, & Smith, 2018), and one with important effects on how citizens think about politics (Lane et al, 2019).…”