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The issues of activity of enterprises of the tourism sector in conditions of quarantine restrictions are investigated. The thesis about the relevance of developing a number of anti-crisis measures that would help stabilize the development of these enterprises is substantiated. The aim of this work is to study the issues of stabilizing the functioning of enterprises in the tourism sector under quarantine conditions. The article presents the thesis that the tourism industry is considered one of the most dynamic industries in the world economy and international trade in services. In the modern world, tourism is economic activity related to the movement of a person outside the permanent place of residence, his recreation with health improvement, raising the level of culture and education. The author of the article states that over the past two decades, the indicators of the development of the tourism sector have been characterized by positive indicators, the number of countries participating in international tourism has expanded, and the scale of tourist arrivals and international tourist receipts has grown every year. Unfortunately, the coronavirus pandemic has made significant adjustments to the functioning of the tourism sector at all levels (global and regional). Indeed, the coronavirus pandemic, which began in China at the end of 2019 and spread throughout the world, has become the biggest challenge and threat to all countries since World War II. The article substantiates that this negatively affected the inbound and outbound tourism markets on a global scale. Thus, the uncertainty of the further development of the situation, the occurrence of obstacles to the normal implementation of travel, restrictions on movement, the concern of mankind to preserve their own health and safety have caused the crisis and an increase in the volume of losses of travel companies. The focus of the article is concentrated on the analysis of the negative consequences of the aggravation of the epidemic situation for the world economy. The article emphasizes that for each country it is extremely important to take a number of measures to minimize the consequences of quarantine restrictions on the activities of tourism enterprises. Within the framework of this study, the author emphasizes that the main criterion for the restoration of the tourism sector should be the achievement of an optimal balance between security, health and economic interests. The article proposes recommended measures to stabilize the tourism sector in Ukraine and minimize losses as a result of the pandemic. The complex of such measures includes: – continuation of the policy of canceling the obligations to pay income tax and VAT for accommodation facilities, catering; – government support and stimulation of domestic rail and air traffic (government subsidies for the cost of tickets); – gradual introduction of permission to organize open terraces, sites for cafes, restaurants (while maintaining all the necessary safety measures for health protection); – аctivation of measures for digital transformation of the domestic tourism sector; – introduction of a transparent mechanism for the use of funds received in local budgets from the tourist tax exclusively for the development of domestic tourism and related infrastructure. The authors emphasize that today there is no doubt about the need to activate the processes and measures to overcome the harmful effects of the pandemic on the tourism sector of the domestic economy. We emphasize that the nationwide implementation of all anti-crisis levers, consistency and consistency in the implementation of all measures will contribute to their speedy stabilization of the development of tourism entities and their achievement of the level of economic efficiency of their activities. Keywords: tourism, tourist flows, quarantine, epidemic risks, pandemic, Covid-19, «Roadmap for the competitive development of tourism in Ukraine», development of the tourism sector.
The issues of activity of enterprises of the tourism sector in conditions of quarantine restrictions are investigated. The thesis about the relevance of developing a number of anti-crisis measures that would help stabilize the development of these enterprises is substantiated. The aim of this work is to study the issues of stabilizing the functioning of enterprises in the tourism sector under quarantine conditions. The article presents the thesis that the tourism industry is considered one of the most dynamic industries in the world economy and international trade in services. In the modern world, tourism is economic activity related to the movement of a person outside the permanent place of residence, his recreation with health improvement, raising the level of culture and education. The author of the article states that over the past two decades, the indicators of the development of the tourism sector have been characterized by positive indicators, the number of countries participating in international tourism has expanded, and the scale of tourist arrivals and international tourist receipts has grown every year. Unfortunately, the coronavirus pandemic has made significant adjustments to the functioning of the tourism sector at all levels (global and regional). Indeed, the coronavirus pandemic, which began in China at the end of 2019 and spread throughout the world, has become the biggest challenge and threat to all countries since World War II. The article substantiates that this negatively affected the inbound and outbound tourism markets on a global scale. Thus, the uncertainty of the further development of the situation, the occurrence of obstacles to the normal implementation of travel, restrictions on movement, the concern of mankind to preserve their own health and safety have caused the crisis and an increase in the volume of losses of travel companies. The focus of the article is concentrated on the analysis of the negative consequences of the aggravation of the epidemic situation for the world economy. The article emphasizes that for each country it is extremely important to take a number of measures to minimize the consequences of quarantine restrictions on the activities of tourism enterprises. Within the framework of this study, the author emphasizes that the main criterion for the restoration of the tourism sector should be the achievement of an optimal balance between security, health and economic interests. The article proposes recommended measures to stabilize the tourism sector in Ukraine and minimize losses as a result of the pandemic. The complex of such measures includes: – continuation of the policy of canceling the obligations to pay income tax and VAT for accommodation facilities, catering; – government support and stimulation of domestic rail and air traffic (government subsidies for the cost of tickets); – gradual introduction of permission to organize open terraces, sites for cafes, restaurants (while maintaining all the necessary safety measures for health protection); – аctivation of measures for digital transformation of the domestic tourism sector; – introduction of a transparent mechanism for the use of funds received in local budgets from the tourist tax exclusively for the development of domestic tourism and related infrastructure. The authors emphasize that today there is no doubt about the need to activate the processes and measures to overcome the harmful effects of the pandemic on the tourism sector of the domestic economy. We emphasize that the nationwide implementation of all anti-crisis levers, consistency and consistency in the implementation of all measures will contribute to their speedy stabilization of the development of tourism entities and their achievement of the level of economic efficiency of their activities. Keywords: tourism, tourist flows, quarantine, epidemic risks, pandemic, Covid-19, «Roadmap for the competitive development of tourism in Ukraine», development of the tourism sector.
Objective. The objective of the article is to substantiate the model of infrastructural support of the tourism industry of the Donetsk economic region on the basis of authenticity and spatial polarization of the tourism market. Methods. To achieve the set tasks and goals, the following research methods were used in the work: system analysis and synthesis (to develop a model of infrastructure support for the tourism industry of the Donetsk economic region based on the authenticity and spatial polarization of the tourism market); program-targeted approach (when regulating the powers of state authorities and local authorities that manage and regulate tourism); process approach (for the architectural presentation of a step-by-step scheme for the formation of a local management system for local tourism development); graphic and tabular methods (for visual representation of statistical material). Results. The model of infrastructure support for the tourism industry of the Donetsk economic region has been developed based on the authenticity and spatial polarization of the tourism market. The model involves the use of specific mechanisms of authentic management and taking into account the authenticity of cultural and historical resources of local tourism markets, asymmetry of infrastructural and socio-economic development of markets, spatial polarization of natural, climatic and recreational factors of local tourism markets which allows to form competitive advantages through the use of specific tourism determinants of local tourism markets. The proposed model is based on specific principles, namely: integrativity, optimal combination of centralization and decentralization of management, adaptability, rationality, unity, flexibility, complexity, authenticity and multiculturalism. A simplified scheme for the formation of a local management system for local tourism development is proposed, which is based on three interrelated stages: analytical, program and implementation.
Objective. The objective of the article is to highlight approaches to the assessment of safety in international tourism and to analyze the most and least safe countries in the world for traveling and conducting tourism business. Methods. In order to achieve the set goals and objectives, the following research methods were used: analysis and synthesis (to determine the safety components in the international rankings of countries in the world), comparative analysis, comparison (to determine the similarities and differences in the Top-10 most and least safe countries in the world for traveling and running a tourist business according to various international ratings), graphic and tabular methods (for a visual representation of statistical material). Results. Methodologies and approaches to measuring security and protection in international tourism proposed by the World Economic Forum and Institute for Economics & Peace are considered. The calculation methodology, description and sources of the “Safety and Protection” and “Health and Hygiene” indicators of The Travel & Tourism Development Index are given. The 10 most and least safe and reliable countries in the world to travel to in terms of “Safety and security” and “Health and hygiene” have been identified and analyzed. The methodology for calculating The Global Peace Index is given. In order to assess the safety of tourist travel and conducting tourist business in one or another state of the world, a description of the evaluation criteria and the definition of indicators that allow calculating the components of “Ongoing internal and international conflicts” and “Public safety” have been carried out. The 10 most and least peaceful countries according to the specified components were determined and analyzed. Fluctuations in the positions of the countries of the world on the four security components of The Travel & Tourism Development Index and The Global Peace Index ratings are clearly depicted and analyzed.
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