Social isolation in adolescence alters behaviors in the forced swim and sucrose preference tests in female but not in male rats

Hong, Suzie S.; Flashner, Bess M.; Chiu, Melissa; Hoeve, Elizabeth Ver; Luz, Sandra; Bhatnagar, Seema

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.08.036

Cited by 95 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Isolation rearing for longer periods (weaning to late adolescence) in rats increased immobility in the FST, although these subjects also received saline injections during preweanling stages (Kuramochi & Nakamura, 2009). The same results were observed in noninjected social isolates (Brenes, Padilla, & Fornaguera, 2009), although no enduring effect on immobility has been reported (Hong et al, 2012). These effects were lower in animals raised in an enriched environment.…”

Section: Clinical and Clinically Relevant Findingssupporting

confidence: 76%

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Exposure to early adversity: Points of cross-species translation that can lead to improved understanding of depression

Andersen

2015

Dev Psychopathol

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The relationship between developmental exposure to adversity and affective disorders is reviewed. Adversity discussed herein includes physical and sexual abuse, neglect, or loss of a caregiver in humans. While these stressors can occur at any point during development, the unique temporal relationship to specific depressive symptoms was the focus of discussion. Further influences of stress exposure during sensitive periods can vary by gender and duration of abuse as well. Data from animal studies are presented to provide greater translational and causal understanding of how sensitive periods, different types of psychosocial stressors, and sex interact to produce depressive-like behaviors. Findings from maternal separation, isolation rearing, chronic variable stress, and peer–peer rearing paradigms clarify interpretation about how various depressive behaviors are influenced by age of exposure. Depressive behaviors are broken down into the following categories: mood and affect, anhedonia, energy, working memory, sleep–wake, appetite changes, suicide, and general malaise. Cross-species evidence from humans, nonhuman primates, rats, and mice within each of these categories is discussed. In conclusion, sensitive periods for affective-related behaviors (anxiety, mood, and controllability) occur earlier in life, while other aspects of depression are associated with adversity later during adolescence.

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Section: Clinical and Clinically Relevant Findingssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…In a separate study, these effects were not observed in males, but in female adult rats that were isolated (Hong et al, 2012). These effects may also depend on the strain of rat used.…”

Section: Clinical and Clinically Relevant Findingsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Exposure to early adversity: Points of cross-species translation that can lead to improved understanding of depression

Andersen

2015

Dev Psychopathol

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“…Following habituation, rats were given one bottle with 1% sucrose (Sigma Aldrich) solution and the second bottle with tap water. The position of the sucrose bottle was alternated to avoid side preferences (Hong et al 2012). Bottles were weighed within 1 h after lights on and again within 1 h before lights off.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and physiological consequences of enrichment loss in rats

Smith

Lyons

Guilhaume-Corrêa

et al. 2017

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Significant loss produces the highest degree of stress and compromised well-being in humans. Current rodent models of stress involve the application of physically or psychologically aversive stimuli, but do not address the concept of loss. We developed a rodent model for significant loss, involving removal of long-term access to a rewarding enriched environment. Our results indicate that removal from environmental enrichment produces a profound behavioral and physiological phenotype with depression-like qualities, including helplessness behavior, hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical axis dysregulation and overeating. Importantly, this enrichment removal phenotype was prevented by antidepressant treatment. Furthermore, the effects of enrichment removal do not occur following relief from chronic stress and are not duplicated by loss of exercise or social contact.

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“…Sucrose is highly preferable to rats; hence, decreases in consumption of sucrose reflect a decreased sensitivity to normally rewarding stimuli, anhedonia, a major symptom of depression. 32 …”

Section: Sucrose Preference Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the neurotoxic effects of tramadol and cannabis in adolescent male albino rats

et al. 2016

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Background: Adolescence is a critical period for cerebral development. Exposure to addictive substances during this phase leads to various alterations in brain functions that persist into adulthood. The present study was designed to study the neurotoxic effects of tramadol and cannabis, alone and in combination, in adolescent male albino rats by studying their behavioral, biochemical, and histopathological neurotoxic effects and their long–term consequences after withdrawal.Methods: For this purpose, 132 adolescent male albino rats were divided into 5 groups (22 rats/ group). Group I (negative control), received only regular diet and tap water to measure the basic parameters, Group II (positive control; IIA&IIB); IIA, gavaged with normal saline. IIB, gavaged with olive oil. Group III (tramadol), gavaged with tramadol (42, 84 and 168 mg/kg/day) in the first, second and third ten days of the study respectively. Group IV (cannabis), gavaged with hashish extract (92, 184 and 368 mg/kg/day) in the first, second and third ten days of the study respectively. Group V (tramadol+cannabis), gavaged with tramadol and hashish extract in the same doses as Group III&IV. By the end of the first month, the half number of rats was subjected to performing behavior tests. Specimens from the brain were taken for performing biochemical and histopathological studies. All remaining rats were held for another 4 weeks non–dosing spontaneous recovery period after withdrawal of the treatment and were evaluated again by the same previous parameters.Results: Abuse of tramadol or cannabis, alone and in combination, caused antidepressant effect (sucrose preference test), impaired spatial memory (Morris water maze), elevated serotonin levels in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, induced oxidative stress (significantly elevated malondialdehyde level and reduced catalase activity) as well as deleteriously altered brain histopathology and marked increase in brain Caspase–3 expression. However, abuse of both tramadol and cannabis conferred more antidepressant effect but more neurotoxic effect. After withdrawal, the antidepressant effect was reversed, no improvement of the spatial memory, marked depletion of 5–HT, more improvement in antioxidants and apoptotic markers and incomplete regression of brain histopathological alteration resulted.Conclusions: Abuse of tramadol and cannabis, alone and in combination, induced neurotoxicity which proved behaviorally, biochemically and histopathologically.

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Social isolation in adolescence alters behaviors in the forced swim and sucrose preference tests in female but not in male rats

Cited by 95 publications

References 39 publications

Exposure to early adversity: Points of cross-species translation that can lead to improved understanding of depression

Exposure to early adversity: Points of cross-species translation that can lead to improved understanding of depression

Behavioral and physiological consequences of enrichment loss in rats

A study of the neurotoxic effects of tramadol and cannabis in adolescent male albino rats

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