“…Considering the importance of education as future investment, most parents attempt to provide the best for their children, striving to invest in their children’s education. This future investment in education may not pose problems for high economic status parents living in developed countries such as Japan (Lee, 2010), the United States (Cheadle, 2008), New Zealand (Stuart, 2018), and countries of Western Europe (Busemeyer, Garritzmann, Neimanns, & Nezi, 2018). It may, however, be more challenging for parents from underdeveloped and developing countries such as Ethiopia, Egypt and Pakistan, where poverty and limited public participation still serve as challenges for educational investment (Nassar & Biltagy, 2017; Woldehanna, 2016; Hunzai, 2006).…”