Social interactions and androgens levels in marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in field and laboratory studies: A preliminary investigation of the Challenge Hypothesis

Abstract

No significant change in mean values (n = 5; 5 males/5 females) (GLM: F = 2.17, p = 0.12) Unconfirmed No male-female response to mate b.2. Social aggression/rank dispute/mate competition-New group formation No significant change in mean values (Groups: n = 2; 4 males/4 females) (Student's t-test, p > 0.05) Unconfirmed No male-female response to mating access (at low levels of competition) M.B.C.d. Sousa et al. General and Comparative Endocrinology xxx (xxxx) xxx-xxx

Natural and Experimental Evidence Drives Marmosets for Research on Psychiatric Disorders Related to Stress

“…The core of the social group is the monogamous breeding couple, which has very low sexual body dimorphism, but polygynous groups have also been described (Digby, 1999;Arruda et al, 2005). It is interesting to note that marmoset males are more cooperative and build stronger intra-sexual ties, while female marmosets exhibit higher intra-sexual competition levels (Arruda et al, 2005;Yamamoto et al, 2010;de Sousa et al, 2019).…”

“…The intra-group organization of marmosets can be disturbed during social reproduction dynamics, as shown in situations where dominant females perpetrated infanticide toward the offspring of subordinates (Digby, 1995;Arruda et al, 2005) or during the subordinate scaping of ovulatory inhibition (Albuquerque et al, 2001), as well as when males were facing territorial dispute challenges (Digby, 1995;Lazaro-Perea, 2001), thus producing tensions and activating the stress response system (de Sousa et al, 2019). Furthermore, both behavioral repertoire (episodes of aggression and open fights expressed by piloerection displays, scent marking, and anogenital presentation) and associated endocrine correlates increased cortisol in females and cortisol and androgens in males during these situations, being characteristic of the stress response of the animals when exposed to natural stressors.…”