Social Impact Assessments Conducted by Federal Agencies: An Evaluation

Abstract

SIAs conducted by federal agencies (19931, and Gramling and Freudenburg (1992). The article concludes with three concrete recommendations for the practitioners and students of SIAs. LITERATURE REVIEWIn 1978, the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) published Regulations for Implementing the Procedural Provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), providing the legal foundation for conducting SIAs and requiring that-. . . human environment should be interpreted comprehensively to include the natural and physical environment and the relationship of people with that environment. . . . When an environmental impact statement is prepared and economic or social and natural or physical environmental effects are interrelated, then the environmental impact statement will discuss all of these effects on the human environment (40 CFR 1508.14).

Characterizing the social-ecological importance of coastal marine locations: integrative challenges, insights and solutions from the Pacific north coast of British Columbia

“…Council on Environmental Qual1ty clanf1ed this to mean "the natural and physical env1ronment" and "the relationship of people w1th that environment" and required agencies to assess the aesthetic, histone, cultural, econom1c, social or health effects of projects (Gal1steo 2002). Thus, EAs have long been mandated to include health and social cons1derat1ons 1n the1r assessments (Deng andAltenhofel 1997, Yap 2003). Th e most recent legislation (CEAA 2012) and does not generally meet the best pract1ces pnnc1ples of the IAIA.…”