Various arguments are made about Paul’s 'Jewishness/ Judeanness' as a follower of Jesus Messiah, for example, that Paul essentially remained to be 'Jewish/Judean' and that he still fully operated in the world of 'Judaism'. These claims are investigated by answering three sets of questions derived from a proposed general model of ethnicity, which is developed with the help of cultural anthropology (ethnicity theory).<p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong> Cromhout, M., 2009, 'Paul's "former conduct in the Judean way of life" (Gal 1:13)…or not?' <em>HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies</em> 65(1), Art. #127, 12 pages. DOI: 10.4102/hts.v65i1.127</p>