Social functioning in children with ADHD: an examination of inhibition, self-control, and working memory as potential mediators

Bullard, Caitlin C.; Alderson, R. Matt; Roberts, Delanie K.; Tatsuki, Miho O.; Sullivan, Maureen A.; Kofler, Michael J.

doi:10.1080/09297049.2024.2304375

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Furthermore, Kofler and colleagues found that working memory deficits may indirectly lead to social dysfunction in children with ADHD by impacting patients’ ability to focus on multiple environmental stimuli at one time to process and appropriately integrate social cues ( Kofler et al, 2011 ). In a recent study examining the role of specific facets of executive dysfunction in social deficits of ADHD, Bullard and colleagues found that working memory mediated the relationship between social functioning and diagnosis (ADHD vs. typical development) based on teacher ratings ( Bullard et al, 2024 ). An investigation of biological motion (BM) in children with ADHD found that deficits in both working memory and theory of mind, a necessary component of successful social functioning, were correlated with worse performance on the BM task, suggesting that an interplay between working memory and theory of mind dysfunction may be responsible for the deficits in social perception observed in ADHD ( Imanipour et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: The Intersection Of Working Memory and Social Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “psychiatric” neuron: the psychic neuron of the cerebral cortex, revisited

Flynn,

Bouras,

Migovich

et al. 2024

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Nearly 25 years ago, Dr. Patricia Goldman-Rakic published her review paper, “The ‘Psychic’ Neuron of the Cerebral Cortex,” outlining the circuit-level dynamics, neurotransmitter systems, and behavioral correlates of pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex, particularly as they relate to working memory. In the decades since the release of this paper, the existing literature and our understanding of the pyramidal neuron have increased tremendously, and research is still underway to better characterize the role of the pyramidal neuron in both healthy and psychiatric disease states. In this review, we revisit Dr. Goldman-Rakic’s characterization of the pyramidal neuron, focusing on the pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and their role in working memory. Specifically, we examine the role of PFC pyramidal neurons in the intersection of working memory and social function and describe how deficits in working memory may actually underlie the pathophysiology of social dysfunction in psychiatric disease states. We briefly describe the cortico-cortical and corticothalamic connections between the PFC and non-PFC brain regions, as well the microcircuit dynamics of the pyramidal neuron and interneurons, and the role of both these macro- and microcircuits in the maintenance of the excitatory/inhibitory balance of the cerebral cortex for working memory function. Finally, we discuss the consequences to working memory when pyramidal neurons and their circuits are dysfunctional, emphasizing the resulting social deficits in psychiatric disease states with known working memory dysfunction.

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Section: The Intersection Of Working Memory and Social Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%