Social formation and collapse in the Tisza-Maros region: dating the Maros Group and its Late Bronze Age successors

O’Shea, John; Parditka, Györgyi; Nicodemus, Amy; Kristiansen, Kristian; Sjögren, Karl-Göran; Paja, László; Paragh, György

doi:10.15184/aqy.2019.40

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Using a different GIS analytical method, Quinn and Ciugudean (2018) demonstrated the shift away from metal procurement landscapes toward interregional trade routes from the EBA to the MBA. The shift in settlement networks from the MBA to the LBA is also consistent with disruptions in the organization of settlement systems seen after 1500 BC throughout the Carpathian Basin and Transylvania (see Ciugudean and Quinn 2015; Duffy, Parditka et al 2019; O'Shea 2011; O'Shea et al 2019). The emergence of large fortified sites during the LBA is consistent with the presumed population aggregation and selection of more-defensible site locations seen in this model (e.g., Gogâltan and Sava 2010; Szentmiklosi et al 2011; Uhnér et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussion: Bronze Age Hunedoara Socioeconomic Organization supporting

confidence: 63%

“…This omission is primarily due to the lack of systematic archaeological surveys in the county. The counties around Hunedoara—Alba to the east and Arad to the west—have been the focus of recent research into the development of social complexity in the Bronze Age (see Nicodemus 2014; O'Shea 1996, 2011; O'Shea and Nicodemus 2019; O'Shea et al 2019; Quinn 2017). Hunedoara also encompasses the headwaters of the Körös River, known as the Criș in Romania, which has seen significant regional archaeological work (Duffy 2014, 2015; Duffy, Paja et al 2019; Duffy, Parditka et al 2019; Duffy et al 2013).…”

Section: Settlement Systems and Emergent Hierarchy In Bronze Age Minimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transforming Legacy Spatial Data into Testable Hypotheses about Socioeconomic Organization

Quinn

Fivenson

2019

Adv. archaeol. pract.

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As archaeologists expand the accessibility of legacy data, they have an opportunity to use these datasets to design future research. We argue that legacy data can be a critical resource to help predict characteristics of sites and socioeconomic systems. In this article, we present a combined geographic information system (GIS) and network analysis methodology that turns site location data into testable hypotheses about site characteristics and the organization of regional settlement systems. We demonstrate the utility of this approach with a case study: Bronze Age (2700–1100 BC) settlement patterns in the mining region of Hunedoara in southwest Transylvania, Romania. We leverage unsystematically collected site location information in legacy datasets to develop testable predictions about sites, regional networks, and socioeconomic systems that can be evaluated through future systematic surveys and large-scale excavations. Such testable hypotheses can inform archaeological research design by providing a quantitative basis for determining where to focus research efforts and can also help secure funding and fieldwork permits. The method developed here can be applied in diverse archaeological contexts to reinvigorate legacy data as part of future archaeological research design.

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Section: Discussion: Bronze Age Hunedoara Socioeconomic Organization supporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Settlement Systems and Emergent Hierarchy In Bronze Age Minimentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming Legacy Spatial Data into Testable Hypotheses about Socioeconomic Organization

Quinn

Fivenson

2019

Adv. archaeol. pract.

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“…Our results demonstrate that the tempo plot technique has wide applicability for quantifying the timing and rate of change of archaeological processes, in particular declines or cessation of activities associated with purported 'collapse' events and provides a viable alternative to the more common approach of using summed probability distributions of radiocarbon dates. Tempo plots can also provide a useful extension of more common Bayesian approaches and offer ways to better characterize and quantify similar case studies around the world, such as the rate of decline at various Maya political centers (e.g., Ebert et al, 2017Ebert et al, , 2016Hoggarth et al, 2016) and other areas (e.g., Bar-Oz et al, 2019;Carter et al, 2019;O'Shea et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model-based approach to the tempo of “collapse”: The case of Rapa Nui (Easter Island)

DiNapoli

Rieth

Lipo

et al. 2020

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Rapa Nui (Easter Island, Chile) presents a quintessential case where the tempo of investment in monumentality is central to debates regarding societal collapse, with the common narrative positing that statue platform (ahu) construction ceased sometime around AD 1600 following an ecological, cultural, and demographic catastrophe. This narrative remains especially popular in fields outside archaeology that treat collapse as historical fact and use Rapa Nui as a model for collapse more generally. Resolving the tempo of "collapse" events, however, is often fraught with ambiguity given a lack of formal modeling, uncritical use of radiocarbon estimates, and inattention to information embedded in stratigraphic features. Here, we use a Bayesian model-based approach to examine the tempo of events associated with arguments about collapse on Rapa Nui. We integrate radiocarbon dates, relative architectural stratigraphy, and ethnohistoric accounts to quantify the onset, rate, and end of monument construction as a means of testing the collapse hypothesis. We demonstrate that ahu construction began soon after colonization and increased rapidly, sometime between the early-14th and mid-15th centuries AD, with a steady rate of construction events that continued beyond European contact in 1722. Our results demonstrate a lack of evidence for a pre-contact 'collapse' and instead offer strong support for a new emerging model of resilient communities that continued their long-term traditions despite the impacts of European arrival. Methodologically, our model-based approach to testing hypotheses regarding the chronology of collapse can be extended to other case studies around the world where similar debates remain difficult to resolve.

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“…It has approximately 130 graves (135, including multiple burials), with both inhumations and cremations. Radiocarbon dating places the cemetery between 1950 and 1800 BC [67].…”

Section: Archaeological Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P. Fischl [81,82] revisited the field notes from the excavation and corrected some inconsistencies, published the cemetery map and refined the chronology [83]. Several graves were radiocarbon dated and fall between 2100 and 1600 BC [67].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

River networks and funerary metal in the Bronze Age of the Carpathian Basin

Duffy

2020

PLoS ONE

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Archaeologists use differences in metals from burial contexts to identify variation in social inequalities during the European Bronze Age. Many have argued that these social inequalities depended on access to, and control of, trade routes. In this paper, I model critical gateways in the Tisza river-a river system in the Carpathian Basin that might have enabled privileged access to metal in some areas but not others. I then evaluate the concentration of metal on different topological nodes of the river network in an attempt to understand what best explains the distribution of metals across this landscape. I do this by describing Bronze Age metal consumption and display in cemeteries from four micro-regions of the Tisza, and compare them with network 'betweenness centrality' values for locations along the river. I find support for the argument that favourably located river nodes had better access to metal in the earlier part of the Bronze Age.

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Social formation and collapse in the Tisza-Maros region: dating the Maros Group and its Late Bronze Age successors

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Transforming Legacy Spatial Data into Testable Hypotheses about Socioeconomic Organization

Transforming Legacy Spatial Data into Testable Hypotheses about Socioeconomic Organization

A model-based approach to the tempo of “collapse”: The case of Rapa Nui (Easter Island)

River networks and funerary metal in the Bronze Age of the Carpathian Basin

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