Social factors in the formation of eating disorders: Experience of sociological research

Abstract

Background. The increasingly complex structure of modern society and systemic changes associated with the processes of digitalization and mediatization are raising the issue of preserving the health of the younger generation, which is the most receptive and vulnerable group to external impact.The aim of the study. Based on survey data, to carry out an analysis of social factors influencing the development of eating disorders in girls.Materials and methods. The method of collecting information was an online survey of girls aged 18 to 25 years old, conducted in Yekaterinburg in the spring of 2023 (n = 205). Using in-depth interviews, 8 girls were interviewed to clarify the social factors in the formation of eating disorders.Results. In girls’ assessments, distorted body image, fear of weight gain, and orthorexia are the signs of eating disorders. Social factors influencing the formation of an ideal body image and eating disorders are social media, circle of contacts, as well as the external environment, which causes psychological and physical stress. Despite the negative perception of the content of communities promoting anorexic bodies, girls are well aware of the published materials. The main tool for achieving the standard model of a girl’s physicality is dietary practices, food restrictions and calorie counting, despite the recognition of the negative consequences of their use.Conclusion. Eating behavior for girls is one of the leading tools for achieving an ideal body, ideas about which are formed today by social media, as well as the immediate social environment, including the opposite sex. Communities on social networks can serve as a source for development of deviant eating attitudes, on the one hand, and a real driving force in providing assistance and support to young people with signs of eating disorders, on the other hand. We believe that online consultations with specialists and the development of a parental culture of health protection can have a significant impact on the development of harmonious, health-protecting eating habits.