Social Facilitation of Cognition in Rhesus Monkeys: Audience Vs. Coaction

Reynaud, Amélie; Guedj, Carole; Hadj-Bouziane, Fadila; Meunier, Martine; Monfardini, Elisabetta

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00328

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Generally, digging frequencies were higher if the partner was visible, which might suggest social facilitation. However, contrasting to predictions of social facilitation theory (Sanders, 1981;Reynaud et al, 2015), coordination in frequency was negative if the partner was visible, as outlined above. Temporal coordination occurred within short time intervals, whereas no correlations in total digging frequencies were found when longer time periods were considered (10 min).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Coaction vs. Reciprocal Cooperation Among Unrelated Individuals in Social Cichlids

Taborsky

Riebli

2020

Front. Ecol. Evol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Members of social groups often temporally coordinate their behaviors, for instance in defense or foraging. In the context of cooperation, simultaneous or sequential coordination of behavior may allow social partners to adjust their cooperative effort quickly among each other. By manipulating individual behaviors, here we tested experimentally whether unrelated brood care helpers of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher would cooperate in dyads when enabled to dig out a joint shelter or to defend their territory against a predator. Both the digging and defense efforts of social partners were contingent on each other's investment, and the test subjects temporally coordinated these behaviors. Remarkably, the direction of conditional responses to each other's cooperative investment diverged between the two chosen experimental time frames, which tested for coaction and reciprocity. Test subjects reduced their own digging and defense efforts while their partners were showing these behaviors themselves, implying that they did not exert coaction but rather economized on their investment. In contrast, if a social partner had helped to dig out the common shelter in a previous time period, focal test fish advanced their digging effort in the subsequent experimental phase, which indicates reciprocal cooperation. Social partners also coordinated shelter use when they could see each other, especially after they had been visually exposed to a predator. Our results reveal coordination of cooperative behaviors among unrelated social partners, which has not yet been experimentally demonstrated in cooperatively breeding vertebrates.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Coaction vs. Reciprocal Cooperation Among Unrelated Individuals in Social Cichlids

Taborsky

Riebli

2020

Front. Ecol. Evol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A century of social psychology has built a robust knowledge about the principles ruling this fundamental form of social influence. The main ones are that others influence behavior whether their presence is actual or imagined, whether they are familiar or unknown, co-actors doing the same task or passive spectators, and whether they are evaluative or neutral (Bond and Titus, 1983;Guerin, 2010;Reynaud et al, 2015). Two issues remain unsolved though: first, the mechanism mediating social facilitation and second, the factors which make an individual more or less susceptible to others' presence.…”

Section: Introduction Social Presence Effects On Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Presence Effects on Eye Movements and Attentional Performance

Tricoche

Ferrand-Verdejo

Pélisson

et al. 2020

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Social facilitation" refers to the enhancement or impairment of performance engendered by the mere presence of others. It has been demonstrated for a diversity of behaviors. This study assessed whether it also concerns attention and eye movements and if yes, which decision-making mechanisms it affects. Human volunteers were tested in three different tasks (saccades, visual search, and continuous performance) either alone or in the presence of a familiar peer. The results failed to reveal any significant peer influence on the visual search and continuous performance tasks. For saccades, by contrast, they showed a negative or positive peer influence depending on the complexity of the testing protocol. Pro-and anti-saccades were both inhibited when pseudorandomly mixed, and both facilitated when performed separately. Peer presence impaired or improved reaction times, i.e., the speed to initiate the saccade, as well as peak velocity, i.e., the driving force moving the eye toward the target. Effect sizes were large, with Cohen's d-values ranging for reaction times (RTs) from 0.50 to 0.95. Analyzing RT distributions using the LATER (Linear Approach to Threshold with Ergodic Rate) model revealed that social inhibition of pro-and anti-saccades in the complex protocol was associated with a significant increase in the rate of rise. The present demonstration that the simple presence of a familiar peer can inhibit or facilitate saccades depending on task difficulty strengthens a growing body of evidence showing social modulations of eye movements and attention processes. The present lack of effect on visual search and continuous performance tasks contrasts with peer presence effects reported earlier using similar tasks, and future studies are needed to determine whether it is due to an intermediate level of difficulty maximizing individual variability. Together with an earlier study of the social inhibition of anti-saccades also using the LATER model, which showed an increase of the threshold, the present increase of the rate of rise suggests that peer presence can influence both the top-down and bottom-up attention-related processes guiding the decision to move the eyes.

show abstract

“…Although Allport 1 did not distinguish the social situation (co-action or the mere presence of another), it has been shown that the mere presence of other(s) affects one's performance speed or frequency 3,4,5,6 . Additionally, in animals, the mere presence of other conspecific results in a higher response rate or higher response speed during a lever-press task in rats 7,8 and higher response rate in rhesus monkeys during a simple cognitive task 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Task for Assessing the Impact of a Partner on the Speed and Accuracy of Motor Performance in Rats

Sekiguchi

Hata

2019

JoVE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To our knowledge, no study has examined the effect of mere presence on accuracy of performance in animals. Therefore, we developed an experimental task to measure rats' motor performance (speed and accuracy) in a social condition. Rats were trained to run on a runway and pull down a lever at the end of the runway. In testing, rats performed the task solitarily (single) or in the presence of a confederate rat beyond the lever (pair or a social condition). As indices of the performance speed, we measured the time needed to start running, run through the runway, and pull down the lever. As the index of performance accuracy, we counted the number of trials in which rats could pull down the lever during their first attempt. One-way and two-way repeated-measure analyses of variance were used to analyze the data. This run-and-pull task enabled us to examine the effect of the presence of another conspecific on both speed and accuracy of motor performance in one experiment. The results showed that rats performed the task faster but less accurately in pair sessions than in single sessions. This protocol would be a valid animal model to examine the effect of mere presence on speed and accuracy of motor performance in rats.

show abstract

Social Facilitation of Cognition in Rhesus Monkeys: Audience Vs. Coaction

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Coaction vs. Reciprocal Cooperation Among Unrelated Individuals in Social Cichlids

Coaction vs. Reciprocal Cooperation Among Unrelated Individuals in Social Cichlids

Peer Presence Effects on Eye Movements and Attentional Performance

A Task for Assessing the Impact of a Partner on the Speed and Accuracy of Motor Performance in Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About