Social distance between local residents and African–American expatriates in the context of Ghana's slavery‐based heritage tourism

Yankholmes, Aaron; Timothy, Dallen J.

doi:10.1002/jtr.2121

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Third, this study addresses variables that contribute significantly to repeat visitation to the African ancestral homeland. Previous studies reported that only a few diaspora tourists repeat their visits to Ghana after their initial visit and it is critical to understand how this can be addressed (Yankholmes & Timothy, 2017). Therefore, this study is an important addition to understanding which variables determine future revisit intentions among diasporic visitors to Ghana.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Diaspora tourists' emotional experience

Otoo

Kim

Stylidis

2021

Journal of Tourism Research

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This article attempts to empirically test a model to explain the hypothesized relationships between important constructs such as emotional experience, personal involvement, destination image, destination satisfaction, and place attachment as antecedents of the future intentions of mature/senior diaspora tourists. The hypothesized relationships were explored using a sample of 419 mature/senior diaspora tourists visiting Ghana. A three-step process was used to explore, confirm and test the interrelationships between the constructs. The results showed that emotional experiences related to joy and love influenced personal involvement. While other hypothesized relationships were supported, unpleasantness and positive surprise did not have a direct effect on personal involvement. Future studies can apply this model to understand other types of tourism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Diaspora tourists' emotional experience

Otoo

Kim

Stylidis

2021

Journal of Tourism Research

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“…The Chinese provide another comparison as their culture may be more similar to that in Africa – they are collective and, because of communist beliefs, likely communal – so one would expect greater similarities in management practices. As well, historical influences can be considered in terms of relationships among different groups; for example, one study of African-Americans in Ghana (Yankholmes and Timothy, 2017) found social distances between African-Americans and their local counterparts, in the Ghana slavery-based heritage tourism sector, because the African-Americans felt their proximity to slavery gave them certain rights.…”

Section: An Agenda For Future Research On African Expatriationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Africa’s expatriation: current context and future research agenda

Punnett,

Melyoki,

Senaji

2024

JGM

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PurposeThis paper presents insights on expatriates in Africa and sets out a research agenda for Africa’s expatriation. The objective of the paper is to provide background and context on expatriation in Africa and to stimulate and guide further research in this important area.Design/methodology/approachThe reviewed papers were drawn from journals and other sources that reported on expatriation to/from African countries. It also incorporates an array of literature on contextual African issues, exploring conceptually how these relate to expatriation.FindingsThe review confirmed that there is little research on the topic, particularly with respect to outward expatriation and the studies that exist are one of a kind and stand alone. There has been no attempt to build systematic theory or develop a wholistic picture. This means that the field is wide open for more research. The data provide a picture of the current expatriate situation, including numbers, demographics, host/home locations, success rates and so on, and are provide a basis for further research developing and testing hypotheses regarding individual, organizational and country/national characteristics and how these influence and relate to expatriate experiences and outcomes. Researchers can also draw on the existing expatriation literature from around the world for replication studies to identify uniquely African issues as well as similarities with other locations. As Selmer (2016) noted, replication research is widely used in the sciences and is at the core of the scientific method and thus should be considered for expatriation research.Research limitations/implicationsLimited previous research means there is a need for further research.Practical implicationsExpatriation is a critical aspect of companies operating internationally and companies are increasingly interested in doing business in African countries. Africa's economic growth and development are strong and foreign direct investment (FDI) into Africa is growing with consequent increases in the number of expatriates going to Africa. Understanding expatriation in the African context is thus very important to a variety of companies.Originality/valueManagement literature focusing on Africa is limited and this is true regarding expatriation. This means there is a need for researchers and practitioners to understand expatriation issues in this context, particularly considering economic growth on the continent, increasing interest in doing business there, along with increasing FDI and use of expatriates, as well as the expansion of African companies. This paper provides a research agenda as a guide on which researchers, including those in Africa, can build.

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“…Construal level theory (CLT) is a social psychology theory that describes the relationship between psychological distance and the extent to which people's thinking is abstract or concrete, particularly when considering objects or events (Kalkstein et al (2016). It assumes that people mentally construe objects that are psychologically near in terms of low-level, detailed, structured, and contextualized features, whereas at a distance they construe the same objects or events in terms of high-level, unstructured, abstract, and de-contextualized characteristics (Yankholmes & Timothy, 2017). According to this theory, social distance manifests in such aspects as the distinction between self and others, similar and dissimilar others, and, in-group and out-group members (Woosnam et al, 2018).…”

Section: Social Distance and Tourist Consumer Decision Making Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Influence of Social Distance on Tourist Decision-Making Process: A Case of Tourists Visiting the Maasai Mara National Game Reserve

Belinda

Beatrice

Sulo

2021

ijthr

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Purpose of the study: The study aims to assess the influence of social distance on the tourist decision-making process on tourists visiting the Maasai Mara National Game Reserve using the construal level theory. Methodology: Exploratory research design was used using regression equation modeling. The Borgardus social distance scale was adapted to structure the questionnaire. A sample of 157 tourists was selected. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics which were used to determine the relationship between the variables. The hypothesis was tested at a 5% level of confidence. Main Findings: The study established that the majority of the respondents understood and indicated that social distancing influenced their choice of a destination. Social distance (R=0.580, p=0.00<0.05) had a strong positive and significant influence on the contractual level of tourist choice of a destination. It was further established that construal level accounted for up to 33.6 percent of the variance in choice of destination (R2=0.336). Applications of this study: The study recommends that the conventional consumer behaviour model can be enhanced in decision making by incorporating the construal level of destination decision making for tourists. It will be beneficial to the tourists visiting Maasai Mara National Game Reserve, the marketers, hotels and destination owners, and the government at large. Novelty/Originality of this study: Decision-making is central to the satisfaction of a customer that seeks value for his/her money. Though research in consumer decision-making has been conducted before its application in tourist’s destination decision-making process remains new. This study sought to bring to light this link and fill this gap in the literature.

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Social distance between local residents and African–American expatriates in the context of Ghana's slavery‐based heritage tourism

Cited by 17 publications

References 51 publications

Diaspora tourists' emotional experience

Diaspora tourists' emotional experience

Africa’s expatriation: current context and future research agenda

An Influence of Social Distance on Tourist Decision-Making Process: A Case of Tourists Visiting the Maasai Mara National Game Reserve

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