Social determinants of psychological wellness for children and adolescents in rural NSW

Peters, Ingrid; Handley, Tonelle; Oakley, Karen; Lutkin, Sarah; Perkins, David

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7961-0

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…29 Our finding that RR and RU adolescents had worse mental health symptoms than their UU peers was in line with prior studies conducted in China 31 and in other countries (eg, Korea 32 and Australia). 33 Certain behavioural and sociodemographic differences between the urbanrural subgroups explained most of the disparities, which corresponded with the results of a previous study. 34 For example, our study indicated that the significant urbanrural differences of adolescent mental health problems were mainly attributed to screen time, which previous researches have linked it to less face-to-face communication with peers and families, less outdoor physical activity and receiving plenty of potentially inappropriate information.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association between mental health and executive dysfunction and the moderating effect of urban–rural subpopulation in general adolescents from Shangrao, China: a population-based cross-sectional study

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesTo examine the association between mental health and executive dysfunction in general adolescents, and to identify whether home residence and school location would moderate that association.DesignA population-based cross-sectional study.SettingA subsample of the Shanghai Children’s Health, Education, and Lifestyle Evaluation-Adolescents project. 16 sampled schools in Shangrao city located in downstream Yangtze River in southeast China (December 2018).Participants1895 adolescents (48.8% male) which were divided into three subpopulations: (A) adolescents who have urban hukou (ie, household registration in China) and attend urban schools (UU, n=292); (B) adolescents who have rural hukou and attend urban schools (RU, n=819) and (C) adolescents who have rural hukou and attend rural schools (RR, n=784).MeasuresThe Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 was used to assess adolescent mental health symptoms, and the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function (parent form) was applied to measure adolescent executive dysfunction in nature setting.ResultsMental health symptoms were common (depression: 25.2%, anxiety: 53.0%, stress: 19.7%) in our sample, and the prevalence rates were lower among UU adolescents than those among the RR and RU, with intersubgroup differences in screen exposure time explaining most of the variance. We found the three types of symptoms were strongly associated with executive dysfunction in general adolescents. We also observed a marginal moderating effect of urban–rural subgroup on the associations: UU adolescents with depression (OR 6.74, 95% CI 3.75 to 12.12) and anxiety (OR 5.56, 95% CI 1.86 to 16.66) had a higher executive dysfunction risk when compared with RR youths with depression (OR 1.93, 95% CI 0.91 to 4.12) and anxiety (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.33), respectively.ConclusionsRural adolescents experienced more mental health symptoms, whereas urban individuals with mental health problems had a higher executive dysfunction risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association between mental health and executive dysfunction and the moderating effect of urban–rural subpopulation in general adolescents from Shangrao, China: a population-based cross-sectional study

et al. 2022

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“…In 2019 UNICEF estimated that there were 1.2 billion adolescents (aged 10–19 years), which represents approximately 16% of the global population ( UNICEF, 2020a ). It is further estimated that approximately 50% of all mental disorders have their onset during adolescence ( Patalay and Gage, 2019 ; Peters et al, 2019 ; UNICEF, 2020b ). According to the World Health Organization (WHO) ( World Health Organization, 2020 ), one in seven adolescents experienced a mental health condition in 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO) ( World Health Organization, 2020 ), one in seven adolescents experienced a mental health condition in 2019. Poor mental health hinders healthy adolescent development and is associated with poorer health, social and economic outcomes across their lifetime ( Patalay and Gage, 2019 ; Peters et al, 2019 ). Adolescent mental disorders represent a significant burden of disease on health systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where mental health services and resources are lacking ( Peters et al, 2019 ; World Health Organization, 2020 ; Sorsdahl et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Mental Wellness of Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Instruments

Orth

Moosajee²,

Wyk³

2022

Front. Psychol.

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ObjectiveMental health is critical to the healthy development of adolescents. However, mental health encompasses more than the absence of mental illness; and should include indicators of mental wellness. A critical review of available mental wellness instruments for adolescents were conducted to identify operational definitions of mental wellness concepts for this population group.MethodA systematic review of literature published between 2000 and 2020 was done to identify mental wellness instruments for adolescent populations. The review followed the PRISMA operational steps.ResultsWe identified 2,543 articles from the search strategy and screened titles and abstracts for eligibility. After appraisal, 97 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis; of which, 79 mental wellness instruments were identified. Most studies did not provide a definition for mental wellness. We identified thirteen mental wellness concepts from 97 studies, namely: life satisfaction, mental wellbeing [general], resilience, self-efficacy, self- esteem, connectedness, coping, self-control, mindfulness/spiritual, hope, sense of coherence, happiness, and life purpose.ConclusionThe review reflected previous research identifying a lack of consensus around the definitions of mental health, mental wellness, and mental wellbeing. This has implications for developing instruments for adolescents that adequately measure these constructs. Most of the instruments identified in the review were predominantly English and from developed countries. This indicates a need for instrument that are explicitly conceptualised and operationalised for adolescents in all their varied contexts.

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“…Use of broader scale score is preferred over the sub-scale scores in community samples with low-risk of mental health difficulties [ 20 ]. Therefore, the total difficulties score was used to measure the psychological well-being of adolescents in this study as done by similar studies in the past [ 14 , 21 ]. Higher total difficulties score indicates poorer psychological well-being.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental migration and psychological well-being of left-behind adolescents in Western Nepal

et al. 2021

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Introduction International migration is increasing rapidly around the world mostly to obtain a job. International migrant workers usually leave their children back in their country of origin, and among family members, adolescents may experience greater psychological distress from parental separation. However, limited evidence is available on the relationship between parental international migration and psychological well-being of left-behind adolescents. Nepal has a relatively higher and increasing number of international migrants, and this study was conducted to examine the association between parental international migration and the psychological well-being of left-behind adolescents in Nepal. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 626 adolescents in two districts of Western Nepal, where international migration is common. Adolescents were recruited through random sampling. Pre-tested “Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire” was used to measure their psychological well-being and simple and multiple linear regression were used to examine the association between parental international migration and the psychological well-being of left-behind adolescents. Results Adolescents with none of the parents living abroad were more likely to have higher total difficulties score compared to those with one of the parents living abroad (B: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.18, 1.86; p = 0.017). Adolescents with the following factors were more likely to have higher total difficulties score in comparison to their counterparts: adolescents in their late adolescence period, female adolescents, adolescents from ethnicities other than Brahmin and adolescents studying in private schools. Conclusion In rural districts of Nepal, where international migration is common, adolescents living with the parents were more likely to have poorer psychological well-being compared to those with one of the parents living abroad. Adolescents’ adaptation mechanism for the absence of parents for international migration might be explored in the future studies.

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Social determinants of psychological wellness for children and adolescents in rural NSW

Cited by 12 publications

References 50 publications

Association between mental health and executive dysfunction and the moderating effect of urban–rural subpopulation in general adolescents from Shangrao, China: a population-based cross-sectional study

Association between mental health and executive dysfunction and the moderating effect of urban–rural subpopulation in general adolescents from Shangrao, China: a population-based cross-sectional study

Measuring Mental Wellness of Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Instruments

Parental migration and psychological well-being of left-behind adolescents in Western Nepal

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