Social Determinants of Anemia and Overweight/Obesity among Pregnant Women in Nepal

Kawata, Rina; Oda, Yoko; Iwakuni, Akiko; Acharya, Ankit; Adhikari, Rajesh; Sakai, Hiroko

doi:10.1265/jjh.20006

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…In India, a large cohort study of pregnant women showed that the prevalence of anemia was significantly higher (32.1%) in the women with underweight compared with the prevalence of anemia in women with normal weight (4.2%) and with obesity (3.9%) [ 26 ]. Likewise, in Nepal, in 609 pregnant women, anemia was associated with a low BMI (AOR) [ 25 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several factors such as age and educational level are associated with obesity during pregnancy [ 17 ]. Previous studies have shown different levels of association between BMI and obesity and anemia or hemoglobin levels among pregnant women [ 16 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. While some studies have shown that hemoglobin levels were significantly higher among pregnant women with obesity [ 18 , 27 ] or that pregnant women with obesity were less likely to have anemia [ 22 , 23 , 28 ], other studies have shown that hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in women with obesity [ 29 ] and that obese pregnant women were at higher risk for anemia [ 16 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While some studies have shown that hemoglobin levels were significantly higher among pregnant women with obesity [ 18 , 27 ] or that pregnant women with obesity were less likely to have anemia [ 22 , 23 , 28 ], other studies have shown that hemoglobin levels were significantly lower in women with obesity [ 29 ] and that obese pregnant women were at higher risk for anemia [ 16 , 24 ]. Some studies have shown no association between BMI and anemia among pregnant women [ 19 , 20 , 21 ], while other studies have shown that a lower BMI was associated with anemia [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hemoglobin Levels, Anemia, and Their Associations with Body Mass Index among Pregnant Women in Hail Maternity Hospital, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

et al. 2023

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The level of association between hemoglobin level/anemia and obesity during pregnancy is not yet fully understood. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Hail Maternity Hospital in northern Saudi Arabia from March to May 2023 to assess the associations between hemoglobin levels, anemia, and obesity among pregnant women. Reproductive history was gathered through a questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated/computed from the women’s weight and height. Linear and binary regression analyses were performed. A total of 334 pregnant women were enrolled. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) age and parity were 33.2 (27.4–37.8) years and 3 (1–5), respectively. Of the 334 women, 52 (15.6%) were normal weight, while 87 (26.0%) were overweight and 195 (58.4%) were obese. In the multiple linear regression, parity (coefficient = −0.121, p = 0.001) and BMI (coefficient = 0.030, p = 0.006) were negatively associated with the hemoglobin level. Ninety-nine (26.9%) women had anemia. In the multivariate analysis, primiparity (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–0.97), increasing BMI (AOR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.89–0.97), and obesity (AOR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.16–0.61) were associated with decreased ORs of anemia. Increasing parity was associated with increased ORs of anemia (AOR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.05–1.32). Being overweight was not associated with anemia (AOR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.27–1.16). In the current study, a high hemoglobin level and lower prevalence of anemia were observed among obese pregnant women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%