Social determinants of adult sex ratios and racial/ethnic disparities in transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in the USA

Pouget, Enrique R.

doi:10.1098/rstb.2016.0323

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 123 publications

(159 reference statements)

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“…We have previously shown that it is the women in female-biased areas and women of low SES who start reproducing early in this population, often without the support of a partner [11]. Because abortion is illegal in Northern Ireland, risky (unprotected) sex, which has been shown to be more common in femalebiased areas [18], might lead to early parenthood for these women more often than if abortion were legal and more easily accessible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Adult sex ratio and social status predict mating and parenting strategies in Northern Ireland

Uggla

Mace

2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Evidence from animal species indicates that a male-biased adult sex ratio (ASR) can lead to higher levels of male parental investment and that there is heterogeneity in behavioural responses to mate scarcity depending on mate value. In humans, however, there is little consistent evidence of the effect of the ASR on pair-bond stability and parental investment and even less of how it varies by an individual's mate value. In this paper we use detailed census data from Northern Ireland to test the association between the ASR and pair-bond stability and parental investment by social status (education and social class) as a proxy for mate value. We find evidence that female, but not male, cohabitation is associated with the ASR. In female-biased areas women with low education are less likely to be in a stable pair-bond than highly educated women, but in male-biased areas women with the lowest education are as likely to be in a stable pair-bond as their most highly educated peers. For both sexes risk of separation is greater at female-biased sex ratios. Lastly, our data show a weak relationship between parental investment and the ASR that depends on social class. We discuss these results in the light of recent reformulations of parental investment theory.This article is part of the themed issue 'Adult sex ratios and reproductive decisions: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies'.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Adult sex ratio and social status predict mating and parenting strategies in Northern Ireland

Uggla

Mace

2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…This research has implications for female subjective wellbeing in areas that have female biased sex ratios. For example, Similarly, sex ratios may become strongly female biased after war (Brainerd, 2017) or in communities with high male crime and incarceration (Pouget, 2017). University campuses across many countries have female biased sex ratios, and women from the these colleges are appropriately pessimistic about their dating prospects (Uecker & Regnerus, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adult sex ratio of European regions predicts female, but not male, subjective well-being

Richardson

2021

Curr Psychol

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In recent years, researc in subjective well-being has found several ecological factors that may underpin societal differences in happiness. The adult sex ratio, the number of males relative to females in an environment, influences many behaviours in both humans and non-human animals. However, the possible influence of the sex ratio on subjective well-being has received little attention. I investigated the relationship between the adult sex ratio and subjective well-being in over 29,000 respondents from 133 regions of Europe. I find that women report lower subjective well-being in areas with more female-biased sex ratios, but males’ well-being was unaffected. I did not find that the sex ratio influences the sex specific probability of marriage, or marriage rates overall. I also find that increased population density is associated with lower well-being. Drawing from sociological and evolutionary theories, I suggest that results may be due to females’ decreased bargaining power in the dating market.

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“…They find evidence that present-day marital and life satisfaction are higher in areas that were more male-biased in the past. Pouget [60] explores sexual relationships, bargaining power and family outcomes in the contemporary USA. In many African -American communities, men are rare due to high rates of incarceration and mortality.…”

Section: (C) Applications Of Adult Sex Ratio Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult sex ratios and reproductive strategies: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies

Schacht

Kramer

Székely

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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It is increasingly recognized that the relative proportion of potential mates to competitors in a population impacts a range of sex-specific behaviours and in particular mating and reproduction. However, while the adult sex ratio (ASR) has long been recognized as an important link between demography and behaviour, this relationship remains understudied. Here, we introduce the first inter-disciplinary collection of research on the causes and consequences of variation in the ASR in human and animal societies. This important topic is relevant to a wide audience of both social and biological scientists due to the central role that the relative number of males to females in a population plays for the evolution of, and contemporary variation in, sex roles across groups, species and higher taxa. The articles in this theme issue cover research on ASR across a variety of taxa and topics. They offer critical re-evaluations of theoretical foundations within both evolutionary and non-evolutionary fields, and propose innovative methodological approaches, present new empirical examples of behavioural consequences of ASR variation and reveal that the ASR plays a major role in determining population viability, especially in small populations and species with labile sex determination. This introductory paper puts the contributions of the theme issue into a broader context, identifies general trends across the literature and formulates directions for future research. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Adult sex ratios and reproductive decisions: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies'.

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Social determinants of adult sex ratios and racial/ethnic disparities in transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in the USA

Cited by 23 publications

References 123 publications

Adult sex ratio and social status predict mating and parenting strategies in Northern Ireland

Adult sex ratio and social status predict mating and parenting strategies in Northern Ireland

The adult sex ratio of European regions predicts female, but not male, subjective well-being

Adult sex ratios and reproductive strategies: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies

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