Social determinants of adherence to COVID-19 preventive guidelines: a comprehensive review

Abstract

Adherence to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preventive guidelines (ACPG) is an important strategy to control the COVID-19 pandemic effectively. The present study aimed to identify and summarize the social determinants of ACPG among the general population. A comprehensive review was performed from December 2019 to February 2021 through searching electronic databases. Two independent reviewers assessed and selected relevant studies. Next, the characteristics and main findings of the included studies were summarized. Finally, the World Health Organization’s conceptual framework of social determinants of health was used to synthesize the identified social determinants of ACPG. Forty-one of 453 retrieved articles met the inclusion criteria. The study results showed different patterns of ACPG among various communities. Furthermore, 84 social determinants were identified and categorized into structural and intermediary determinants. ACPG is a set of complex behaviors associated with different individual sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics; living and working conditions; COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and risk perceptions; exposure to sources and information level; leisure activities; social support; trust; social norms; psychosocial well-being; socio-economic position; and the socio-economic and political context. Interventions to promote ACPG among the general population should consider the identified social determinants of ACPG.

Adherence to Coronavirus Disease 2019 Preventive Measures in a Representative Sample of the Population of the Canton of Vaud, Switzerland

“…Socio-demographics characteristics are associated with adherence, however they only partly explain adherence to preventive measures. A comprehensive review identified and summarized factors of adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures [ 48 ]. These include: “individual socio-demographic and behavioural factors, living and working conditions, COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes and risk perception, exposure to sources and information level, leisure activities, social support, trust, social norms, psychosocial well-being, socio-economic position, and the socio-economic and political context.”(48) Adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures can be increased if we understand better the perception of preventive measures and the challenges of appropriating them in daily life.…”

“…These include: "individual socio-demographic and behavioural factors, living and working conditions, COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes and risk perception, exposure to sources and information level, leisure activities, social support, trust, social norms, psychosocial well-being, socio-economic position, and the socio-economic and political context." (48) Adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures can be increased if we understand better the perception of preventive measures and the challenges of appropriating them in daily life. Studies have shown that adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures is increased if people have adequate knowledge of how SARS-CoV-2 infection spreads, agree with mandatory mask use and perceive the situation as being at high risk for themselves or others [15], as well as believe in the effectiveness of preventive measures [49].…”

Explaining the Reasons for the General Public’s Non-compliance With the Policies of the National Anti-Coronavirus Headquarters: A Qualitative Study

“…The results of Khajehnasiri et al's study also showed that depression, financial problems, the experience of drug side effects and disease, memory problems, simultaneous use of several drugs, and complex treatment regimens were the most important barriers to adherence to the treatment regimens of diabetic patients [14]. Shush- [6].…”

“…The incidence and mortality of COVID-19 are increasing daily, so by December 20, 2021, more than 274 million cases and more than 5 million and 350 thousand deaths have been reported [5]. COVID-19 has affected individuals' health and quality of life, especially those suspected of having the disease [6]. On the other hand, observing the COVID-19 disease prevention guideline is a critical way to control the COVID-19 pandemic [7].…”

Quarantine preparedness – the missing factor in COVID-19 behaviour change? Qualitative insights from Australia

“…Finally, behaviours can be motivated by existing values or beliefs, a personal belief in the efficacy or importance of a behaviour, its impact on their identity and their ability to overcome existing habits or unconscious processes [4]. Beyond this behaviour system, broader structural factors including the environmental, political, social and cultural contexts can also influence an individual's experience of quarantine or isolation [5]. Identifying, understanding and responding to barriers and enablers to quarantine and isolation behaviours is critical to developing strategies to enhance participation and reduce adverse health outcomes.…”