Social Desirability Values for California Psychological Inventory Items

Mees, H; Gocka, Edward F.; Holloway, Hildegund

doi:10.2466/pr0.1964.15.1.147

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Similarly, the relationship between desirability and the factors was evaluated by computing the correlations between the items' scale values and their classifications on each factor, assigning scores of 1 to items with positive loadings, 0 to items with no loadings, and -1 to items with negative loadings. It is worth noting that such scale values are very stable over extended periods of time (Mees, Gocka, & Holloway, 1964;Messick & Jackson, 1961) and across diverse groups of subjects (see the reviews by Edwards, 1957Edwards, , 1967Edwards, , 1970Wiggins, 1968).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait interrelations in implicit personality theories and questionnaire data.

Stricker

Jacobs²,

Kogan³

1974

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Paul I. Jacobs Yeshiva UniversityThis study's aim was to assess the validity of naive subjects' implicit personality theories, the correspondence among the theories, and the influence of social desirability on them. High school girls classified the items from the MMPI Psychopathic Deviate scale into clusters representing different traits. These clusters agreed closely with the factors obtained in previous factor analyses of self-reports to these items and were highly similar for individual subjects. Desirability was substantially related to the clusters but generally did not mediate their correspondence with the factors or each other. These results indicate that the lay theories possessed validity as well as communality, and that desirability had a distinct but limited involvement with the theories.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait interrelations in implicit personality theories and questionnaire data.

Stricker

Jacobs²,

Kogan³

1974

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…In a study of the California Psychological Inventory (CPI; Gough, 1960), Mees, Gocka, and Holloway (1964) asked 68 women and 59 men to rate the SDSVs of its 480 items. Two features of this study are noteworthy in the present context.…”

Section: Rater Sex and Sdsvmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of target sex on judgments of SDSV was hinted at by the Mees et al () study referred to at the end of the previous section, where those authors asked men and women to rate personality items in terms of desirability as “applied to yourself” (p. 148). The sex of the target in mind for someone doing those ratings, of course, would correspond to the rater's own sex.…”

Section: Rater Sex and Sdsvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Judgments of Social Desirability

Paunonen

2015

Journal of Personality

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This study evaluates sex differences in the perceived desirability of personality behaviors and beliefs. Men and women (N = 149, Mage = 18.7) judged the social desirability scale values (SDSVs) of 150 personality statements as applied either to a male target or a female target. For comparison, some estimated SDSVs with no target sex specified. A separate sample of 537 respondents endorsed the 150 items via self-report. Raters showed a high consensus in their SDSV judgments within conditions (α = .86 to .90) and no sex-of-rater effects across conditions. Substantial sex-of-target effects (p < .001), however, revealed many behaviors that were viewed as desirable for one sex but not for the other. The behaviors seen as more (less) desirable when applied to men rather than to women were endorsed more (less) by men than by women in the respondent sample. Similar results were found when no target sex was specified for the SDSV ratings, presumably because judges evaluated the behaviors as applied to a target of their own sex. The present results have important implications for the measurement and reporting of SDSVs, the evaluation of substance versus style in self-reports, and the construction of desirability-reduced personality inventories.

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“…Previous researchers (e.g., Mees, Gocka, & Holloway, 1964) have demonstrated that SDSVs are not appeciably influenced by the statistical methods used for establishing them. Therefore, in order to avoid the complex method of successive intervals (Messick & Jackson, 1961), descriptive statistics were computed.…”

Section: Resalts and Discassionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Social Desirability as a Variable in the Locus of Control Scale

Hjelle

1971

Psychol Rep

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The present series of studies based on Ss in Catholic institutions attempted to explore several related questions concerning the social-desirability variable in the Internnl-External Locus of Control scale (I-E). Results of Smdy I indicated that a majoriry of the I-E items have probability of endorsement values which depart significantly from a hypothetical value of P = S O , both for standard instructioc and social-desirability insrruction conditions. Study I1 demonstrated a small relationship between S's I-E score and S's tendency to agree with I-E items of high response-preference value ( r = .20). This relationship was especially obvious for those Ss designated as internally controlled. In Study I11 a significant relationship was shown between the social-desirability scale values for I-E items and the probability of I-E item endorsements ( T = .43). Moreover, a sizeable number of internal items were rated a significantly more socially desirable than the corresponding external items. It was suggested that the I-E scale may be contaminated by social desirability and that consequently the validicy of the scale as a measure of locus of control is questionable.The Internal-External Control of Reinforcement Scale (I-E) was constructed by Rotter (1966) as a self-rzport measure of generalized belief that a person can control his own destiny. The scale consists of 23 keyed items and 6 buffer items presented in a forced-choice format under the guise of a personal reaction inventory. S's score is determined by the number of external choices he makes, so that the range of possible scores extends from 0 to 23. A high score represents frequent endorsement of items attributing causality to environmental factors (e.g., chance, fate, luck, or powerful others), whereas a low score represents choices reflecting the attribution of causality to personal factors (e.g., skill or capacity). Thus, individuals are presumed to vary along a unidimensional continuum of "locus of conuol," n-ith the anchor points labeled external and internal.The I-E scale has received substantial research attention in recent years. Rotter (1966) and Lefcourt (1966) have presented well-organized surveys of the research literature and have amply documented the reliability and validity of the scale in a variety of experimental and natural field settings. In contrast, correlational studies of the I-E scale and other personological variables have often yielded disappointing resulcs. According to Rotter, che inability to establish suonger relationships may stem, at least in part. from the influence of sinlation 'The author wishes to extend his zppreciation to Randall Clouser and Frank Pepe for their assistance i n collecting and analyzing the data.

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Social Desirability Values for California Psychological Inventory Items

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Trait interrelations in implicit personality theories and questionnaire data.

Trait interrelations in implicit personality theories and questionnaire data.

Sex Differences in Judgments of Social Desirability

Social Desirability as a Variable in the Locus of Control Scale

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