Social consequences of psychiatric disorders, II: Teenage parenthood

doi:10.1176/ajp.154.10.1405

Cited by 258 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…Read codes, a hierarchical nomenclature, are used in primary care to record clinical summary information. The Read codes and algorithms being used to identify symptoms or diagnoses of depression have been developed and utilized in previous research and excluded those for psychosis (Supplementary Table S1) (Kessler et al 1997; Whittington et al 2004; Wijlaars et al 2012; John et al 2016). Antidepressant prescriptions were divided into SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants (TCADs) and other antidepressants (Supplementary Table S2) as listed in the British National Formulary and in use at any time during the study period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown that depression is common in adolescents with at least one-half of those diagnosed going on to have recurrent depression in adulthood (Kessler et al 2001). The adverse impact of mental health disorders on life outcomes such as educational under-achievement, employment, (Kessler et al 1995) and teenage pregnancy (Kessler et al 1997) plus the serious disruptions to individuals’ lives and those of their families has resulted in calls for increased outreach services and early intervention (WHO, 2004). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent trends in primary-care antidepressant prescribing to children and young people: an e-cohort study

et al. 2016

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BackgroundConcerns relating to increased use of psychotropic medication contrast with those of under-treatment and under-recognition of common mental disorders in children and young people (CYP) across developed countries. Little is known about the indications recorded for antidepressant prescribing in primary care in CYP.MethodThis was an electronic cohort study of routinely collected primary-care data from a population of 1.9 million, Wales, UK. Poisson regression was undertaken to model adjusted counts of recorded depression symptoms, diagnoses and antidepressant prescriptions. Associated indications were explored.Results3 58 383 registered patients aged 6–18 years between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2013 provided a total of 19 20 338 person-years of follow-up. The adjusted incidence of antidepressant prescribing increased significantly [incidence rate ratio (IRR) for 2013 = 1.28], mainly in older adolescents. The majority of new antidepressant prescriptions were for citalopram. Recorded depression diagnoses showed a steady decline (IRR = 0.72) while depression symptoms (IRR = 2.41) increased. Just over half of new antidepressant prescriptions were associated with depression (diagnosis or symptoms). Other antidepressant prescribing, largely unlicensed, was associated with diagnoses such as anxiety and pain.ConclusionAntidepressant prescribing is increasing in CYP while recorded depression diagnoses decline. Unlicensed citalopram prescribing occurs outside current guidelines, despite its known toxicity in overdose. Unlicensed antidepressant prescribing is associated with a wide range of diagnoses, and while accepted practice, is often not supported by safety and efficacy studies. New strategies to implement current guidance for the management of depression in CYP are required.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in primary-care antidepressant prescribing to children and young people: an e-cohort study

et al. 2016

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“…We are aware of only one study that examined the association between child-adolescent mental disorder and subsequent teen child bearing (52). MDD and a number of other early-onset mental disorders were significant predictors of increased teen childbearing.…”

Section: The Adverse Consequences Of Major Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Epidemiology of Depression Across Cultures

Kessler

Bromet

2013

Annu. Rev. Public Health

2,181

1,400

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Epidemiological data are reviewed on the prevalence, course, socio-demographic correlates, and societal costs of major depression throughout the world. Major depression is estimated in these surveys to be a commonly-occurring disorder. Although estimates of lifetime prevalence and course vary substantially across countries for reasons that could involve both substantive and methodological processes, the cross-national data are clear in documenting meaningful lifetime prevalence with wide variation in age-of-onset and high risk of lifelong chronic-recurrent persistence. A number of socio-demographic correlates of major depression are found consistently across countries and cross-national data also document associations with numerous adverse outcomes, including difficulties in role transitions (e.g., low education, high teen child-bearing, marital disruption, unstable employment), reduced role functioning (e.g., low marital quality, low work performance, low earnings), elevated risk of onset, persistence, and severity of a wide range of secondary disorders, and increased risk of early mortality due to physical disorders and suicide.

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“…PTSD often co-occurs with depression, substance abuse, other psychological problems [10-13], and medical conditions [14-20], and is associated with poor physical health functioning [21] and poor quality of life [14, 18, 21-23]. PTSD also heightens risk for marital instability [24], teenage childbearing [25], lower educational attainment [26, 27], and unemployment [28]. Finally, PTSD and related impairment are associated with an annual loss of over $3 billion in work productivity [29, 30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of the Violence and Stress Assessment (ViStA) study: A randomized controlled trial of care management for PTSD among predominantly Latino patients in safety net health centers

Meredith

Eisenman

Green

et al. 2014

Contemporary Clinical Trials

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common problem in primary care. Although effective treatments are available, little is known about whether such treatments are effective within the context of Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) that serve as national “safety nets” for providing primary care for low income and underinsured patients. The Violence and Stress Assessment (ViStA) study is the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the impact of a care management intervention for treating PTSD in FQHCs. To develop a PTSD management intervention appropriate for lower resource FQHCs and the predominantly Latino patients they serve, formative work was conducted through a collaborative effort between researchers and an FQHC practice-based research network. This article describes how FQHC stakeholders were convened to review, assess, and prioritize evidence-based strategies for addressing patient, clinician, and system-level barriers to care. This multi-component care management intervention incorporates diagnosis with feedback, patient education and activation; navigation and linkage to community resources; clinician education and medication guidance; and structured cross-disciplinary communication and continuity of care, all facilitated by care managers with FQHC experience. We also describe the evaluation design of this five-year RCT and the characteristics of the 404 English or Spanish speaking patients enrolled in the study and randomized to either the intervention or to usual care. Patients are assessed at baseline, six months, and 12 months to examine intervention effectiveness on PTSD, other mental health symptoms, health-related quality-of-life, health care service use; and perceived barriers to care and satisfaction with care.

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Social consequences of psychiatric disorders, II: Teenage parenthood

Cited by 258 publications

References 25 publications

Recent trends in primary-care antidepressant prescribing to children and young people: an e-cohort study

Recent trends in primary-care antidepressant prescribing to children and young people: an e-cohort study

The Epidemiology of Depression Across Cultures

Design of the Violence and Stress Assessment (ViStA) study: A randomized controlled trial of care management for PTSD among predominantly Latino patients in safety net health centers

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