Social cognitive impairments in individuals with schizophrenia vary in severity

Hajdúk, Michal; Harvey, Philip D.; Penn, David L.; Pinkham, Amy E.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.06.017

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Finally, the current analyses do not address individual differences in social cognitive ability. Recent work from our group has demonstrated marked heterogeneity in degree of social cognitive impairment in SCZ such that approximately one-quarter of patients show no impairment at all (Hajdúk et al ., 2018) with the current set of tests. A similar continuum of impairment may be evident in ASD, which would have important implications for the need to assess social cognitive abilities prior to developing treatment plans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive comparison of social cognitive performance in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia

et al. 2019

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BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) are separate neurodevelopmental disorders that are both characterized by difficulties in social cognition and social functioning. Due to methodological confounds, the degree of similarity in social cognitive impairments across these two disorders is currently unknown. This study therefore conducted a comprehensive comparison of social cognitive ability in ASD and SCZ to aid efforts to develop optimized treatment programs.MethodsIn total, 101 individuals with ASD, 92 individuals with SCZ or schizoaffective disorder, and 101 typically developing (TD) controls, all with measured intelligence in the normal range and a mean age of 25.47 years, completed a large battery of psychometrically validated social cognitive assessments spanning the domains of emotion recognition, social perception, mental state attribution, and attributional style.ResultsBoth ASD and SCZ performed worse than TD controls, and very few differences were evident between the two clinical groups, with effect sizes (Cohen's d) ranging from 0.01 to 0.34. For those effects that did reach statistical significance, such as greater hostility in the SCZ group, controlling for symptom severity rendered them non-significant, suggesting that clinical distinctions may underlie these social cognitive differences. Additionally, the strength of the relationship between neurocognitive and social cognitive performance was of similar, moderate size for ASD and SCZ.ConclusionsFindings largely suggest comparable levels of social cognitive impairment in ASD and SCZ, which may support the use of existing social cognitive interventions across disorders. However, future work is needed to determine whether the mechanisms underlying these shared impairments are also similar or if these common behavioral profiles may emerge via different pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive comparison of social cognitive performance in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia

et al. 2019

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“…Deficits in social interactions are considered one of the key features of ASD (3), and deficits in social cognition have been demonstrated both in patients with ASD (4,5) and schizophrenia (6)(7)(8), with similar levels of impairment across disorders (9). Social cognition deficits have been associated also with older age, lesser education, poorer cognitive performance (10), and more severe functional impairment (11).…”

Section: Introduction Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autistic Symptoms and Social Cognition Predict Real-World Outcomes in Patients With Schizophrenia

et al. 2020

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Objective: Real-world functioning is a complex construct influenced by different factors. The impact of social cognition and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms on different aspects of the life of people with schizophrenia has been demonstrated independently, but it is unclear how these factors are related to functioning when considered concurrently. We hypothesized that ASD symptoms could play a major role in predicting real-world functioning in schizophrenia. Methods: Existent databases from two studies (SCOPE Phase 3 and SCOPE Phase 5), in which a total of 361 patients (mean age 41.7 years; 117 females) were assessed with measures of symptom severity, neuro-and socio-cognitive abilities, functional capacity, social skills, and informant-reported real-world functioning outcomes, were analyzed. Results: Active social avoidance, social skills, ASD symptoms, and emotion processing emerged as predictors of real-world interpersonal relationships. Cognitive performance, positive symptoms, and functional capacity emerged as predictors of real-world participation in daily activities. Cognitive performance, emotion processing, positive symptoms severity, and social skills emerged as predictors of real-world work outcomes. Conclusion: Among other demographic, clinical, and functional capacity variables, increased ASD symptoms emerged as a significant predictor of poorer social relationships and may therefore represent a key factor in predicting real-world social functioning in schizophrenia.

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“…Individuals with schizophrenia experience difficulties in independent living, social relations and occupational outcome that have been traced back to impairments in social and nonsocial cognition [1]. Research has consistently shown that schizophrenia is characterized by social cognitive impairment [2] although a subgroup may have intact social cognition [3,4]. Social cognition is among the strong predictors of functional outcome [5] and mediates the effects of nonsocial cognition on outcome [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized controlled trial of training of affect recognition (TAR) in schizophrenia shows lasting effects for theory of mind

Vaskinn

Løvgren

Egeland

et al. 2019

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Background: Schizophrenia is characterized by social cognitive impairments that predict functioning. Social cognitive training aims to target these impairments. Although it can improve the targeted social cognitive domain, it is unclear if the training generalizes to non-targeted domains and to functioning, with lasting effects. This randomized controlled trial examined the effect of a targeted facial affect recognition training program, Training of Affect Recognition (TAR), in persons with schizophrenia. Method: Individuals with schizophrenia were randomized to receive treatment as usual and TAR (n = 24) or treatment as usual (n = 24) after assessments with a comprehensive protocol at baseline (T1). Participants were reassessed immediately after the intervention period (T2: after 8 weeks) and at 3-month follow-up (T3). The protocol included tests of social cognition (facial or body affect recognition, theory of mind), nonsocial cognition (Matrics Consensus Cognitive Battery), clinical symptoms (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia), functioning (self-reported, social or nonsocial functional capacity), selfesteem, self-efficacy and insight. Results: Linear mixed models yielded a significant group x time interaction effect for a non-targeted social cognitive domain (theory of mind) and a trend-level effect for social functional capacity with the intervention group performing better over time. No beneficial effects on nonsocial cognition, other measures of functioning, clinical symptoms, or self-esteem/self-efficacy appeared for the TAR program. Conclusions: This study provides evidence for transfer and durability effects of facial affect recognition training to theory of mind, but also highlights the need for additional treatments in order to achieve functional benefits.

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Social cognitive impairments in individuals with schizophrenia vary in severity

Cited by 38 publications

References 27 publications

Comprehensive comparison of social cognitive performance in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia

Comprehensive comparison of social cognitive performance in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia

Autistic Symptoms and Social Cognition Predict Real-World Outcomes in Patients With Schizophrenia

A randomized controlled trial of training of affect recognition (TAR) in schizophrenia shows lasting effects for theory of mind

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