Social cognition in Turner’s Syndrome

Burnett, Alice; Reutens, David C.; Wood, Amanda G.

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2009.09.006

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Turner syndrome is associated with cognitive deficits, including problems with visuospatial perception and memory, emotionality, and attention (Skuse, 2005; Skuse et al , 2005). Girls with Turner syndrome also have reduced social competence and facial recognition (Hong et al , 2011; Lawrence et al , 2003), and may be at higher risk for autism (Burnett et al , 2010; Marco and Skuse, 2006). Using a tracking task that required increasing amounts of attention, Beaton and colleagues (Beaton et al , 2010) examined BOLD patterns in normal and Turner syndrome girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse model systems to study sex chromosome genes and behavior: Relevance to humans

Cox

Bonthuis

Rissman

2014

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

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Sex chromosome genes directly influence sex differences in behavior. The discovery of the Sry gene on the Y chromosome (Gubbay et al., 1990; Koopman et al., 1990) substantiated the sex chromosome mechanistic link to sex differences. Moreover, the pronounced connection between X chromosome gene mutations and mental illness produces a strong sex bias in these diseases. Yet, the dominant explanation for sex differences continues to be the gonadal hormones. Here we review progress made on behavioral differences in mouse models that uncouple sex chromosome complement from gonadal sex. We conclude that many social and cognitive behaviors are modified by sex chromosome complement, and discuss the implications for human research. Future directions need to include identification of the genes involved and interactions with these genes and gonadal hormones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse model systems to study sex chromosome genes and behavior: Relevance to humans

Cox

Bonthuis

Rissman

2014

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology

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“…Both demonstrate decrements in face and affect recognition (Skuse et al, 1997). The deficits in TS co-exist with neuro-anatomical abnormalities of the amygdala and other regions implicated in social processing (for a review, see Burnett, Reutens, & Wood, 2010).…”

Section: Chromosomes and Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on sex differences in processing emotional signals

2012

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a b s t r a c tInterest in sex-related differences in psychological functioning has again come to the foreground with new findings about their possible functional basis in the brain. Sex differences may be one way how evolution has capitalized on the capacity of homologous brain regions to process social information between men and women differently. This paper focuses specifically on the effects of emotional valence, sex of the observed and sex of the observer on regional brain activations. We also discuss the effects of and interactions between environment, hormones, genes and structural differences of the brain in the context of differential brain activity patterns between men and women following exposure to seen expressions of emotion and in this context we outline a number of methodological considerations for future research. Importantly, results show that although women are better at recognizing emotions and express themselves more easily, men show greater responses to threatening cues (dominant, violent or aggressive) and this may reflect different behavioral response tendencies between men and women as well as evolutionary effects. We conclude that sex differences must not be ignored in affective research and more specifically in affective neuroscience.

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“…Besides cognitive impairments, both NS and TS have been associated with problems in affective information processing, notably social cognition [Burnett et al, ; Wingbermühle et al, ], that is, constructing representations of the relations between oneself and others, and to use those representations flexibly to guide social behavior [Adolphs, ]. Studies addressing social cognition in children with NS are mainly limited to single‐case studies and report below‐average social skills, diminished social insight, and social immaturity [Troyer and Joschko, ; Sarimski, ; Lee et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In adults with NS, difficulties in identifying and describing feelings (i.e., alexithymia), slight overall problems in the perception of emotional facial expressions, and social discomfort (but no avoidance of social situations) have been described [Wingbermühle et al, ]. TS has been associated with social immaturity, problems in social relations, difficulties in expressing emotions, social anxiety, and impairments in facial emotion recognition, most notably fear [Burnett et al, ; Hong et al, ]. Despite similarities in phenotypic presentation between women with NS and TS, it should be noted that within the groups heterogeneity in cognitive and social‐emotional problems is present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alexithymia, emotion perception, and social assertiveness in adult women with Noonan and Turner syndromes

Roelofs

Wingbermühle

Freriks

et al. 2015

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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Noonan syndrome (NS) and Turner syndrome (TS) are associated with cognitive problems and difficulties in affective information processing. While both phenotypes include short stature, facial dysmorphisms, and a webbed neck, genetic etiology and neuropsychological phenotype differ significantly. The present study examines putative differences in affective information processing and social assertiveness between adult women with NS and TS. Twenty-six women with NS, 40 women with TS, and 40 female controls were matched on age and intelligence, and subsequently compared on (1) alexithymia, measured by the Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire, (2) emotion perception, evaluated by the Emotion Recognition Task, and (3) social assertiveness and social discomfort, assessed by the Scale for Interpersonal Behavior. Women with TS showed higher levels of alexithymia than women with NS and controls (P-values < 0.001), whereas women with NS had more trouble recognizing angry facial expressions in comparison with controls (P = 0.01). No significant group differences were found for the frequency of social assertiveness and the level of social discomfort. Women with NS and TS demonstrated different patterns of impairment in affective information processing, in terms of alexithymia and emotion perception. The present findings suggest neuropsychological phenotyping to be helpful for the diagnosis of specific cognitive-affective deficits in genetic syndromes, for the enhancement of genetic counseling, and for the development of personalized treatment plans.

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Social cognition in Turner’s Syndrome

Cited by 36 publications

References 60 publications

Mouse model systems to study sex chromosome genes and behavior: Relevance to humans

Mouse model systems to study sex chromosome genes and behavior: Relevance to humans

A review on sex differences in processing emotional signals

Alexithymia, emotion perception, and social assertiveness in adult women with Noonan and Turner syndromes

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