Social class and metabolic syndrome in populations from Tunisia and Spain

Gannar, Fadoua; León, Antonio Cabrera de; Díaz, Buenaventura Brito; Pérez, María del Cristo Rodríguez; Rodríguez, Itahisa Marcelino; Dahmen, F. Ben; Sakly, Mohsen; Attia, N.

doi:10.1186/s13098-015-0084-6

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These results confirmed previous findings in Tunisian population [5][6][7]17 as well as in others population [18][19][20][21] . Sedentary lifestyle, the lack of participation in physical activities among adult Tunisian women, hormonal factors and postmenopausal weight gain may prove the large waist circumference in women 22,23 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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2016

IJPSR

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Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a multi-factorial disorder with insulin resistance as a major characteristic. Adiponectin, an adipocyte derived cytokine, can regulate glucose levels and lipid homeostasis by its insulin sensitizer properties. Low circulating levels of serum adiponectin has been reported as a risk factor for the development of MS. The aim of this case control study was to investigate the association of serum adiponectin concentration, insulin resistance and various risk factors with MS among Tunisian participants. We designed a case-control study involving 100 patients with MS (84 females and 16 males, mean age 54±11 years) and 100 healthy controls (60 females and 40 males, mean age 51±10 years). Serum total cholesterol and triglyceride were determined by enzymatic methods. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) = fasting insulin (uU/ml) x fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l)/22.5 and serum adiponectin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Interestingly, 72% of the subjects with MS had high blood pressure. Compared with controls, patients had significantly higher levels of triglycerides (1.64±0.88 mmol /l; 1.07±0.43 mmol/l; p=0.03) and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.26±0.41 mmol/l; 1.58±0.30 mmol/l; p=0.04). In addition, there was a significant difference in serum adiponectin levels between the subjects with MS and controls (13.96±5.23 µg/ml; 22.24±9.07 µg/ml; p=0.006) and the mean levels of HOMA-IR were 5.23±3.52 and 1.83±0.93 for patients and controls, respectively. In conclusion, hypoadiponectinemia and insulin resistance represent risk factors for MS development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In Tunisia, few studies have focused on the prevalence of MS [5][6][7] . On the other side, the prevalence of obesity is high and is increasing 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2016

IJPSR

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“…women in the present study also showed lower prevalence of MS, which placed them in a situation similar to that encountered in higher income countries 29 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Socioeconomic status and cardiovascular risk factors in young adults: a cross-sectional analysis of a Brazilian birth cohort

Silva

Bragança

Bettiol

et al. 2020

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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Introduction: In high-income countries, persons of high socioeconomic status (SES) have a lower cardiovascular risk. However, in middle and low-income countries, the results are controversial. Objective: To evaluate the association between family income and cardiovascular risk factors in young adults. Methods: A total of 2,063 individuals of a birth cohort initiated in 1978/79 in the city of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, were evaluated at age of 23/25 years. Cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, high fibrinogen, insulin resistance, diabetes, abdominal and total obesity, and metabolic syndrome) were evaluated according to family income. Income was assessed in multiples of the minimum wage. Simple Poisson regression models were used to estimate the prevalence ratios (PR) with robust estimation of the variance. Results: High-income women showed lower prevalences of low HDL-cholesterol (PR = 0.47), total obesity (PR = 0.22), abdominal obesity (PR = 0.28), high blood pressure (PR = 0.28), insulin resistance (PR = 0.57), sedentary lifestyle (PR = 0.47), metabolic syndrome (PR = 0.24), and high caloric intake (PR = 0.71) (p < 0.05). High-income men showed lower prevalences of low HDL-cholesterol (PR = 0.73) and sedentarism (PR = 0.81) (p < 0.05). These results may be explained by the fact that high-income women pay more attention to healthy habits and those with the lowest family income are least likely to access health services resources and treatments. Conclusion: Women were in the final phase of the epidemiologic transition, whereas men were in the middle phase.

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“…Recently, in Tunisian population Gannar et al . found that abdominal obesity was significantly more frequent in women than in men, with higher prevalence of MetS in women with 93%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…38,39 Obesity is a multifactorial condition influenced by the combined effects of genes and environment and also their interactions. 40 Recently, in Tunisian population Gannar et al 41 found that abdominal obesity was significantly more frequent in women than in men, with higher prevalence of MetS in women with 93%. Although the number of candidate genes has increased and several polymorphisms have been studied in human populations, knowledge about genetic factors underlying the susceptibility to obesity remains incomplete.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%