Social Capital in Wide Family Contexts: An Empirical Assessment Using Social Network Methods

Widmer, Éric

doi:10.1080/03906700701356861

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This trend centers on a small number of researchers: Perrig, Reiter, and Song, all from Carnegie-Mellon University, who have dominated the top conferences in security -S&P, CCS, USENIX Security -since about 2001/2002 when all three joined CMU. The unusually high betweenness scores of these researchers indicates, as per social network theory (e.g., [41]) that these individuals are playing a key "brokering" role in the flow of information and ideas through the collaboration network. The high level of centralization, compared to other fields, indicates these individuals have an unusually high level of importance; the continuing rapid growth of centralization indicates that their importance is increasing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Structure and Dynamics of Research Collaboration in Computer Science

Bird¹,

Barr²,

Nash³

et al. 2009

Proceedings of the 2009 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining

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Complex systems exhibit emergent patterns of behavior at different levels of organization. Powerful network analysis methods, developed in physics and social sciences, have been successfully used to tease out patterns that relate to community structure and network dynamics. In this paper, we mine the complex network of collaboration relationships in computer science, and adapt these network analysis methods to study collaboration and interdisciplinary research at the individual, within-area and network-wide levels.We start with a collaboration graph extracted from the DBLP bibliographic database and use extrinsic data to define research areas within computer science. Using topological measures on the collaboration graph, we find significant differences in the behavior of individuals among areas based on their collaboration patterns. We use community structure analysis, betweenness centralization, and longitudinal assortativity as metrics within each area to determine how centralized, integrated, and cohesive they are. Of special interest is how research areas change with time. We longitudinally examine the area overlap and migration patterns of authors, and empirically confirm some computer science folklore.We also examine the degree to which the research areas and their key conferences are interdisciplinary. We find that data mining and software engineering are very interdisciplinary while theory and cryptography are not. Specifically, it appears that CIKM and ICSE attract authors who publish in many areas while FOCS and STOC do not. We also examine isolation both within and between areas. One interesting discovery is that cryptography is highly isolated within the larger computer science community, but densely interconnected within itself.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Structure and Dynamics of Research Collaboration in Computer Science

Bird¹,

Barr²,

Nash³

et al. 2009

Proceedings of the 2009 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining

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“…For example, bonding, bridging, and linking SC were commonly mentioned, but none of the reviews discussed binding SC. Binding SC refers to long lasting and highly emotional relationships (Widmer, 2007). Many reviews differentiated between structural and cognitive dimensions of SC, but relational SC was not considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Notes: Adapted from Cameron (2004), Deaux (1996)Jetten et al (2017), Kawachi & Berkman (2014), Moore & Kawachi (2017), Nahapiet & Ghoshal (1998), Obst & White (2005), Widmer (2007)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social capital and health: A systematic review of systematic reviews

Ehsan

Klaas

Bastianen

et al. 2019

SSM - Population Health

280

257

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There are many systematic reviews on social capital (SC) and various health outcomes, but each of these reviews shows one piece of the larger SC and health puzzle. The aim of this research was to systematically review systematic reviews on SC and health, in order to provide an overview of existing evidence and to identify strategies for future research. Nine databases were searched for key words that could fall under the broad umbrella of SC and health outcomes. We screened 4941 titles and abstracts and read 187 reviews before retaining 20 of them. A critical appraisal of each review was conducted. The reviews show there is good evidence to suggest that SC predicts better mental and physical health, and indicators of SC are protective against mortality. At the same time, many reviews also found numerous non-significant and negative relationships that are important to consider. It was unclear whether SC interventions for health were really improving SC, or other aspects of the social environment. Overall, this research shows that evidence on how various aspects of SC affect different health outcomes for different actors remains unclear. Intergroup and lifecourse perspectives could help clarify this link. Future research could benefit from conceptualizing the link between SC and health in a what, who, where, when, why and how framework.

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“…Previous studies have frequently failed to control for parental involvement, suggesting that observed associations between non‐coresident grandparental involvement and adolescent's emotional well‐being might reflect characteristics of the broader family context (Mueller & Elder, ). The involvement of co‐resident grandmothers may yield greater benefits for adolescents because it decreases parental stress and enhances social capital and intergenerational closure within families (Dunifon, ; Widmer, ). In addition, the bioecological perspective suggests that coresidence may facilitate the formation and maintenance of the emotional attachments and interactions that are essential for psychological growth (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Coresident grandmothers often play more active roles in caregiving than non‐coresident grandmothers and are more likely to discipline their grandchildren, talk to them about problems and help them with homework (Hamilton, ). In the idealised multigenerational family structure, the family may share a sense of “intergenerational closure,” whereby caregivers across several generations maintain and convey various social norms, while providing grandchildren with consistent affection, monitoring and instruction (Widmer, ).…”

Section: A Bioecological Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

The implications of maternal grandmother coresidence and involvement for adolescent adjustment in South Africa

Levetan

Wild

2015

Int J Psychol

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Maternal grandmothers residing in 3-generation households often provide care and support to their grandchildren. However, the implications of grandmother coresidence and involvement for adolescent adjustment have been neglected in the South African literature. This study examined whether the involvement of maternal grandmothers who coreside with grandchildren and their parents differed from that of non-coresident grandmothers. In addition, we assessed the associations between maternal grandmother coresidence and involvement, and adolescents' internalising problems, externalising problems and prosocial behaviour. Self-report survey data were obtained from a sample of 384 "coloured" (mixed-race) and black African Grade 8 and Grade 9 students in Cape Town. The mean age of the participants was 13.96 years, 58% were females and 27% lived in 3-generation households. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in the involvement of coresident and non-coresident grandmothers, and that adolescents in 3-generation and 2-generation households displayed similar levels of adjustment. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that greater maternal grandmother involvement was associated with more adolescent prosocial behaviour (p < .001) regardless of household structure, and with fewer adolescent internalising problems in 3-generation households (p = .03). Findings underscore the need to move beyond the immediate family to consider how grandparents may influence adolescent development.

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Social Capital in Wide Family Contexts: An Empirical Assessment Using Social Network Methods

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Structure and Dynamics of Research Collaboration in Computer Science

Structure and Dynamics of Research Collaboration in Computer Science

Social capital and health: A systematic review of systematic reviews

The implications of maternal grandmother coresidence and involvement for adolescent adjustment in South Africa

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