Social behavior and activity are decoupled in larval and adult fruit flies

Anderson, Blake; Scott, Andrew; Dukas, Reuven

doi:10.1093/beheco/arv225

Cited by 39 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The Distance between larvae and adult individuals is used as a measure of social interaction in Drosophila 64-70 as well as in other species [71][72][73][74][75] . An effect of strain and sex has been previously found on Distance in the DGRP lines 64 . In our experiments, Distance between flies was clearly modulated by the social environment, genotype and their interaction (see Supplementary Materials 2: Distance).…”

Section: Position the Distributions Of Positions (Seementioning

confidence: 83%

Individual, but not population asymmetries, are modulated by social environment and genotype in Drosophila melanogaster

Versace

Caffini

Werkhoven

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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theory predicts that social interactions can induce an alignment of behavioral asymmetries between individuals (i.e., population-level lateralization), but evidence for this effect is mixed. To understand how interaction with other individuals affects behavioral asymmetries, we systematically manipulated the social environment of Drosophila melanogaster, testing individual flies and dyads (female-male, female-female and male-male pairs). In these social contexts we measured individual and population asymmetries in individual behaviors (circling asymmetry, wing use) and dyadic behaviors (relative position and orientation between two flies) in five different genotypes. We reasoned that if coordination between individuals drives alignment of behavioral asymmetries, greater alignment at the populationlevel should be observed in social contexts compared to solitary individuals. We observed that the presence of other individuals influenced the behavior and position of flies but had unexpected effects on individual and population asymmetries: individual-level asymmetries were strong and modulated by the social context but population-level asymmetries were mild or absent. Moreover, the strength of individual-level asymmetries differed between strains, but this was not the case for populationlevel asymmetries. These findings suggest that the degree of social interaction found in Drosophila is insufficient to drive population-level behavioral asymmetries.Consistent left-right asymmetries in brain and behavior are widespread among animal species 1-4 . For instance, the vast majority of people is right handed (a behavior controlled by the left hemisphere), and an advantage of using the left eye (right hemisphere) has been observed in agonistic interactions in chicks 5 , lizards 6 , toads 7 and baboons 8 , while in bees the use of left antennae enhances aggressive behavior 9 and the use of the right antenna is involved in social behavior 10 . In these cases, when asymmetries are aligned on the same side in the majority of the population, we consider this population-level lateralization or directional asymmetry. In other cases, individuals exhibit strong and consistent preferences for one side, but these are not aligned at the population level and we define these cases individual-level lateralization or antisymmetry.How the presence of other individuals influences these asymmetries at the individual and group level remains largely unknown. Mathematical models suggest that selective pressures associated with living in social contexts enhance the alignment of behavioral asymmetries (population-level lateralization), due to the advantages of coordinating between individuals 11,12 . This hypothesis predicts population-level asymmetries in social contexts more than in individual contexts, for the contexts that occurred repeatedly in the course of evolution (for a recent review see 13 ). The growing evidence on the effect of the social context on asymmetric behavior, though, is mixed 9,14 . Contexts that are expected to elicit coord...

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Section: Position the Distributions Of Positions (Seementioning

confidence: 83%

Individual, but not population asymmetries, are modulated by social environment and genotype in Drosophila melanogaster

Versace

Caffini

Werkhoven

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Factors that contribute to social spacing will depend on the nature of the interaction between individuals and the group. 27,118,160,170,173,[189][190][191][192][193][194][195] Social experience was shown to affect social space, as socially isolated flies were more distal and therefore less social. 178 Social spacing and social avoidance may be emergent behaviors that arise in groups when individuals try to avoid others in the same group.…”

Section: Range Of Socialitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…187 In D. melanogaster, social spacing can be easily quantified with the social space assay, 188 that allows measuring the distance of one fly to its nearest neighbor, a variable recently used in several studies. 27,118,160,170,173,[189][190][191][192][193][194][195] Social experience was shown to affect social space, as socially isolated flies were more distal and therefore less social. This effect was more pronounced in females than in males.…”

Section: Social Spacingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social behavior and aging: A fly model

Brenman-Suttner

Yost

Frame

et al. 2019

Genes Brain and Behavior

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The field of behavioral genetics has recently begun to explore the effect of age on social behaviors. Such studies are particularly important, as certain neuropsychiatric disorders with abnormal social interactions, like autism and schizophrenia, have been linked to older parents. Appropriate social interaction can also have a positive impact on longevity, and is associated with successful aging in humans. Currently, there are few genetic models for understanding the effect of aging on social behavior and its potential transgenerational inheritance. The fly is emerging as a powerful model for identifying the basic molecular mechanisms underlying neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, we discuss these recent advancements, with a focus on how studies in Drosophila melanogaster have provided insight into the effect of aging on aspects of social behavior, including across generations.

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“…6 other species [69][70][71][72][73] . An effect of strain and sex has been previously found on Distance in the DGRP lines 62 . In our experiments, Distance between flies was clearly modulated by the social environment, genotype and their interaction (see Supplementary Materials 2: Distance).…”

Section: Positionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…We systematically manipulated the social environment, observing the spontaneous behavior of individual flies and dyads (male-female, female-female, male-male). We looked at asymmetries in individual behaviors (circling asymmetry and wing use, that do not require partners) and dyadic behaviors (relative position of the partner fly) in five different isogenic strains 62 . The hypothesis that the social context drives the alignment in behavioral asymmetries 11,12 predicts a potential increase of population-level lateralization with higher social engagement, likely in an FM > MM > FF trend.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual, but not population asymmetries, are modulated by social environment and genotype inDrosophila melanogaster

Versace

Caffini

Werkhoven

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Theory predicts that social interactions can induce an alignment of behavioral asymmetries between individuals (i.e., population-level lateralization), but evidence for this effect is mixed. To understand how interaction with other individuals affects behavioral asymmetries, we systematically manipulated the social environment of Drosophila melanogaster, testing individual flies and dyads (female-male, female-female and male-male pairs). In these social contexts we measured individual and population asymmetries in individual behaviors (circling asymmetry, wing use) and dyadic behaviors (relative position and orientation between two flies) in five different genotypes. We reasoned that if coordination between individuals drives alignment of behavioral asymmetries, greater alignment at the population-level should be observed in social contexts compared to solitary individuals. We observed that the presence of other individuals influenced the behavior and position of flies but had unexpected effects with respect to individual and population asymmetries: individual-level asymmetries were strong and modulated by the social context but population-level asymmetries were mild or absent. Moreover, the strength of individual-level asymmetries differed between strains, but this was not the case for population-level asymmetries. These findings suggest that the degree of social interaction found in Drosophila is insufficient to drive population-level behavioral asymmetries.

show abstract

Social behavior and activity are decoupled in larval and adult fruit flies

Cited by 39 publications

References 75 publications

Individual, but not population asymmetries, are modulated by social environment and genotype in Drosophila melanogaster

Individual, but not population asymmetries, are modulated by social environment and genotype in Drosophila melanogaster

Social behavior and aging: A fly model

Individual, but not population asymmetries, are modulated by social environment and genotype inDrosophila melanogaster

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