Social anxiety disorder in veterans affairs primary care clinics

Kashdan, Todd B.; Frueh, B. Christopher; Knapp, Rebecca G.; Hebert, Renee; Magruder, Kathryn M.

doi:10.1016/j.brat.2005.02.002

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Extending previous findings on PTSD (e.g., Plumb et al, 2004; Valentiner, Foa, Riggs, & Gershuny, 1996), SAD (e.g., Kashdan, Frueh et al, 2006; Kashdan, Julian et al, 2006), and depression (e.g., Ottenbreit & Dobson, 2003; Zettle & Rains, 1989), each of these conditions was associated with greater experiential avoidance, global distress, and compromised quality of life.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…As a complementary model, experiential avoidance also moderated the effects of SAD on quality of life such that the only trauma survivors at high functioning were those without disorder and low in experiential avoidance; this is the third empirical study to support this model, each with different outcome variables and methodologies (Kashdan & Breen, 2008; Kashdan & Steger, 2006). Dovetailing with prior work, the interpersonal problems, diminished positive experiences, and self-regulatory resource drain linked to SAD appears to be a neglected consideration in the study and treatment of trauma survivors (e.g., Green et al, 1992; Kashdan, Frueh et al, 2006; Kashdan, Julian et al, 2006; Orsillo et al, 1996). The current study represents an important, albeit preliminary step toward identifying more complete models of vulnerability and resilience in trauma survivors of war.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Psychiatric disorders widely studied in relation to trauma exposure include PTSD (by definition; American Psychiatric Association, 1994), social anxiety disorder (SAD; e.g., Green, Lindy, Grace, & Leonard, 1992; Kashdan, Frueh, Knapp, Hebert, & Magruder, 2006; Orsillo, Heimberg, Juster, & Garrett, 1996), and depression (e.g., O’Donnell, Creamer, & Pattison, 2004; Shalev et al, 1998). Despite high rates of comorbidity among these conditions, there is evidence for some degree of independent onset and consequences in trauma survivors (Yehuda, McFarlane, & Shalev, 1998).…”

Section: Experiential Avoidance As a Contributor To Distress And Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and depression in survivors of the Kosovo War: Experiential avoidance as a contributor to distress and quality of life

Kashdan¹,

Morina²,

Priebe³

2009

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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174

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Few studies have been conducted on psychological disorders other than post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in war survivors. The aim of this study was to examine PTSD, social anxiety disorder (SAD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) and their associations with distress and quality of life in 174 Albanian civilian survivors of the Kosovo war. This included testing of conceptual models suggesting that experiential avoidance might influence associations between anxiety and mood disorders with psychological functioning. Each of the three psychiatric disorders was associated with greater experiential avoidance and psychological distress, and lower quality of life. Being a refugee was associated with a higher likelihood of having SAD and MDD. We found evidence for experiential avoidance as a partial mediator of the respective effects of SAD and PTSD on quality of life; experiential avoidance did not mediate the effects of disorders on global distress. We also found support for a moderation model showing that only war survivors without SAD and low experiential avoidance reported elevated quality of life; people with either SAD or excessive reliance on experiential avoidance reported compromised, low quality of life. This is the third independent study, each using a different methodology, to find empirical support for this moderation model (Kashdan & Breen, 2008;. Overall, we provided initial evidence for the importance of addressing PTSD, SAD, MDD, and experiential avoidance in primarily civilian war survivors. KeywordsExperiential avoidance; posttraumatic stress disorder; social phobia; depression; quality of life; civilian war trauma Individuals exposed to war zone-related traumatic events are at heightened risk for a variety of psychological problems, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (e.g., Erickson, Wolfe, King, King, & Sharkansky, 2001;Kulka et al., 1990; Solomon, Weisenberg, Contact Author: Todd B. Kashdan, Department of Psychology, George Mason University, MS 3F5, Fairfax, VA 22030, Email: tkashdan@gmu.edu, Fax: 703-993-1359, Phone Number: 703-993-9486. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Schwarzwald, & Mikulincer, 1987). These psychological difficulties have the potential to last long after wartime. PTSD-related symptoms among combat veterans served as the central focus of most psychological examinations of the effects of war. However, since the First World War where opposing armies had static lines of defense (i.e., trench warfare), the nature of warfare has drastically changed with the consequence that in the modern wars civil...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiential Avoidance As a Contributor To Distress And Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and depression in survivors of the Kosovo War: Experiential avoidance as a contributor to distress and quality of life

Kashdan¹,

Morina²,

Priebe³

2009

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Self Cite

174

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These results are in line with previous research where higher levels of other socially related fears were found among individuals with PTSD relative to those without PTSD (e.g., Kashdan et al, 2006;Orsillo, Heimberg, Juster, & Garrett, 1996;Orsillo, Weathers, et al, 1996). Further investigation is needed to examine FNE among traumatized individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…There has been a growing interest in the co-occurrence of socially related fears and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) (Asmundson & Carleton, 2005;Hofmann, Litz, & Weathers, 2003;Kashdan, Frueh, Knapp, Hebert, & Magruder, 2006;Zayfert, DeViva, & Hofmann, 2005). Although PTSS may co-occur with a variety of symptoms (e.g., mood and substance-use), examining socially related fears in persons who have experienced trauma is particularly important because social activity has a substantial impact on quality of life (Ryff & Singer, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%