Social and housing indicators of dengue and chikungunya in Indian adults aged 45 and above: Analysis of a nationally representative survey (2017-18)

Abstract

Background Dengue and chikungunya (CHIKV) are the two major vector-borne diseases of serious public health concern in India. Studies on socioeconomic and housing determinants of dengue and CHIKV at a pan-India level are lacking. Here, we took advantage of the recently carried out Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) carried out across all the states and Union Territories of India to study the social indicators of dengue and CHIKV in India. Methods LASI-1 (2017-2018) data on the self-reported period prevalence of dengue and CHIKV from 70,932 respondents aged ≥45 years were used for this analysis. The state-wise distribution of dengue and CHIKV was mapped. Prevalence was estimated for each study variable, and the difference was compared using the χ2 test. The adjusted odds ratios (AOR) of the socioeconomic and housing variables for dengue and CHIKV were estimated using the multiple logistic regression model. Results Urban residence is the major socio-economic indicator of dengue and CHIKV (dengue AOR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.18-2.11; CHIKV AOR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.36-2.49). The other notable indicator is wealth; rich respondents have higher odds of dengue and CHIKV. Adults older than 54 years and those with high school education and above are associated with a lower likelihood of dengue and CHIKV. In addition, CHIKV is associated with scheduled and forward castes, households with improper toilet facilities, open defecation, and kutcha house type. Conclusions Despite the limitation that the data is only from adults ≥ 45, this analysis provides important insights into the socioeconomic and housing variables associated with higher odds of dengue and CHIKV in India. Understanding these determinants may assist in the national planning of prevention and control strategies for dengue and CHIKV.

The macroeconomic impact of a dengue outbreak: Case studies from Thailand and Brazil

“…Urban areas are reported to have higher dengue seroprevalence and incidence than rural areas in India [98][99][100][101], Northeastern Thailand, Southern Laos [102], and Mexico [103]. Furthermore, higher-income areas associated with urbanization are linked to increased dengue transmission in Brazil [104].…”

Dengue in Times of Covid-19: A Pre and Post Pandemic Evaluation in East Delhi Population

“…A rising trend in dengue has been observed in India over the years, with 82,237 reported cases in the period 1998-2009 which increased to 213,607 in 2010-2014 [17]. The states that showed highest prevalence of dengue in 2017-18 were Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Dadar and Nagar Haveli followed by Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh [18].…”