Social and environmental factors modulate leucocyte profiles in free-living Greylag geese (<i>Anser anser</i>)

Frigerio, Didone; Ludwig, Sonja C.; Hemetsberger, Josef; Kotrschal, Kurt; Wascher, Claudia A. F.

doi:10.7717/peerj.2792

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…This social hierarchy is positively related to achieving access to habitats with superior forage during winter (Black, Carbone, Wells, & Owen, 1992; Stahl, Tolsma, Loonen, & Drent, 2001) and, as a result, improvements in survival and breeding probability (Sedinger et al., 2011). Lower social status is also associated with increased stress (Scheiber, Kotrschal, & Weiss, 2009; Scheiber, Weiß, Frigerio, & Kotrschal, 2005; Wascher, Weiss, Arnold, & Kotrschal, 2012) and compromised immune function in geese (Frigerio, Ludwig, Hemetsberger, Kotrschal, & Wascher, 2017), both of which could negatively affect demographic rates (Brown, Brown, Raouf, Smith, & Wingfield, 2005; Harms et al, 2015; Møller & Saino, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mate fidelity improves survival and breeding propensity of a long‐lived bird

Leach

Riecke

Sedinger

et al. 2020

Journal of Animal Ecology

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1. Evolutionary and behavioural ecologists have long been interested in factors shaping the variation in mating behaviour observed in nature. Although much of the research on this topic has focused on the consequences of mate choice and mate change on annual reproductive success, studies of a potential positive link between mate fidelity and adult demographic rates have been comparatively rare. This is particularly true for long-lived birds with multi-year, socially monogamous pair bonds. 2. We used a 26-year capture-mark-recapture dataset of 3,330 black brent Branta bernicla nigricans to test whether breeding with a familiar mate improved future breeding propensity and survival. We predicted that experienced breeders nesting with a new partner would have rates of survival similar to familiar pairs because long-lived species avoid jeopardizing survival since their lifetime fitness is sensitive to this vital rate. In contrast, we expected that any costs of breeding with a new partner would be paid through skipping the subsequent breeding attempt. 3. We found that unfamiliar pairs had lower subsequent breeding propensity than faithful partners. However, contrary to our expectations, individuals breeding with a new mate also suffered reduced survival. 4. These results add to a small number of studies indicating that a positive relationship between mate retention and adult demographic rates may exist in a diverse array of avian species. Given these results, researchers should consider costs of mate change that extend beyond within-season reproductive success to fully understand the potential adaptive basis for perennial social monogamy. We caution that if mate retention enhances survival prospects, improvements in annual reproductive success with pair-bond length could be a secondary factor favouring perennial social monogamy, particularly in species with slower life-history strategies. Furthermore, some cases where annual reproductive success does not improve with pair-bond duration, yet multi-year pair bonds are common, could be explained by benefits afforded by mate fidelity to adult vital rates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mate fidelity improves survival and breeding propensity of a long‐lived bird

Leach

Riecke

Sedinger

et al. 2020

Journal of Animal Ecology

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“…The most important parameters of blood, characterizing its homeostasis, are the level of hemoglobin and erythrocytes, whose indicator, in turn, is the value of hematocrit (Zakari et al, 2014;Salyha, 2013). These indices are mandatory diagnostic parameters that are differentially informative for the analysis of the state of the organism under normal conditions and the influence of various chemical and physical stress factors (Frigerio et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepato- and hemato-protective properties of α-ketoglutarate under the combined effect of water-immobilization and emotional stress

Dyomshina¹,

Koloda²,

Ушакова³

2018

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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This article presents the results of the combined effect of water-immobilization and emotional stress on haematological and morphological parameters of blood and liver status of rats in conditions of correction of the disorders using by α-ketoglutarate. Experimental combined stress was induced by the interchangeable effect of dry immobilization and immersion in water for 3 days under constant illumination using an artificial lighting lamp of 1,000 lux., thus achieving a combined effect of stress. Physiological adaptation and administration of 5 mg/kg of body weight of α-ketoglutarate lasted 14 days after stress induction. Haematological parameters were determined using the Automated Veterinary Hematology Analyzer PCE 90 Vet (High Technology Inc., USA), while biochemical parameters of the liver state were determined by spectrophotometric and colourimetric methods. The obtained results showed an increase in hemolysis, which was determined by a decrease in the number of erythrocytes and haemoglobin concentration in the blood of rats under the effect of the stress factors studied. A negative consequence of strengthening of hemolysis is the development of hypoxia in the liver, which causes the slowing of metabolic processes in its cells. As a result, there is an accumulation of partially oxidized products: lactate and pyruvate, increased formation of TBA-active products, and oxidative modification of proteins. During the 14 days of physiological adaptation after stress, the main indicators of blood and liver status of the rats were partially restored. A stronger recovery of redox status and improvement of the physiological state of the liver and, hence, haematological parameters, were noted for rats that received α-ketoglutarate for 14 days after stress. The revealed general positive trend indicates the stimulation of adaptation processes and the overall functioning of the antioxidant system of the liver of rats in the use of α-ketoglutarate against the background of the combined effects of water-immobilization and emotional stress.

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“…During the mating season, unpaired individuals had higher HCT compared to paired and family individuals and this pattern reversed in the autumn. Similarly, H/L ratio was positively related to pair-bond status in a seasonally dependent way, with highest values during mating and successful pairs had higher H/L ratio than unsuccessful ones (Frigerio et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Leucocyte Profiles and Family Size in Fledgling Greylag Geese (Anser Anser)

Wascher

Hemetsberger

Kotrschal

et al. 2017

Avian Biology Research

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In precocial species, large brood sizes are usually considered as beneficial and individuals in larger broods grow faster and are more dominant compared to individuals in small broods. However, little is known whether family size also beneficially affects the offspring's physiology. In the present study, we investigated whether leucocyte profiles in fledgling Greylag Geese ( Anser anser) are affected by (1) family size, (2) individual characteristics, i.e. age, body condition or sex, or (3) characteristics of the parents, i.e. previous reproductive success. From spring 2013 to autumn 2015, we collected blood samples from 100 juvenile Greylag Geese from 20 different pairs. From these samples we determined the absolute leucocyte number, an individual's differential blood cells count and an individual's haematocrit (HCT). The number of fledglings in a family and therefore the number of siblings a focal individual had, was positively related to the percentage of basophils, negatively to the heterophils/lymphocytes ratio (H/L), and tended to be negatively related to the percentage of monocytes and eosinophils in a sample. H/L ratio was negatively related to age in days and tended to be negatively related to body condition, whereas the percentage of basophils tended to be positively related to it. Absolute leucocyte number did not differ between individuals depending on family size. However, composition of different leucocyte types (basophils, eosinophils, H/L ratio) was modulated mostly by the social environment (family size) and not by the characteristics of the individual or the parents. In conclusion, even though we did not find clear evidence of a positive health effect, i.e. a better immune system, in fledgling Greylag Geese of large versus small families, our results suggest that family size modulates different components of the immune system hinting at its stress-reducing effect.

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Social and environmental factors modulate leucocyte profiles in free-living Greylag geese (Anser anser)

Cited by 9 publications

References 85 publications

Mate fidelity improves survival and breeding propensity of a long‐lived bird

Mate fidelity improves survival and breeding propensity of a long‐lived bird

Hepato- and hemato-protective properties of α-ketoglutarate under the combined effect of water-immobilization and emotional stress

Leucocyte Profiles and Family Size in Fledgling Greylag Geese (Anser Anser)

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