Social and Economic Policies in Korea

Dong-Myeon, Shin

doi:10.4324/9780203449967

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The contributions demanded in these three systems were at the low rate of 3% of an employee's salary. That Park intended to use welfare and pension benefits to bolster his political legitimacy appeared clearly in his 1963 New Year message, in which he declared, “We must realize the establishment of a welfare state that can strongly execute its goals… in addition to pension, we are going to introduce Medical Insurance and Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance” (Shin, : 63). This message demonstrates that the Park administration had officially began to seek political support from the public via welfare policy.…”

Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent Paths, Incomplete Models: Chinese and Korean Pension Development in Comparative Context

Xia

2015

Asian Soc Wrk & Pol Rev

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The aim of this article is to investigate whether or not the East Asian welfare model (EAWM) can adequately represent China and Korea by examining the historical development of their pension systems. Since Esping-Andersen introduced his classic three-world classification of liberal, conservative and democratic welfare types, a wave of comparative social policy analysis in East Asia has emerged. Two distinct perspectives have prevailed within this field of research. First, a number of scholars have elaborated and validated Esping-Andersen's three-world classification by claiming East Asian nations are on a developmental trajectory that make them comparable to the Western cases upon which his study was based. The second perspective claims that unlike advanced capitalist states in the West, East Asian countries have constituted a distinctive welfare state model -the so-called "East Asian welfare model." This study argues that the development of welfare systems in both China and Korea makes apparent the weaknesses of the EAWM.

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Section: Case Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent Paths, Incomplete Models: Chinese and Korean Pension Development in Comparative Context

Xia

2015

Asian Soc Wrk & Pol Rev

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“…They had been gradually built up since the mid‐1960s: Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance (IACI) in 1964, National Health Insurance Programme (NHIP) in 1977, National Pension Insurance Programme (NPIP) in 1988, and Employment Insurance Programme (EIP) in 1995. South Korea had steadily extended the compulsory coverage of the four main social insurance programmes, taking into account the administrative difficulties in collecting contributions from small enterprises (Shin, ).…”

Section: The Recent Development Of the South Korean Social Security Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Dynamic Social Security in South Korea

Dong-Myeon

2014

Int Social Security Review

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Since the 1997 economic crisis, the Republic of Korea has seen considerable progress in its social security system along with relatively high economic growth. The social security system has been reformed to become more redistributive and comprehensive. Nevertheless, the country has experienced growing income inequality and poverty, raising future concerns about the sustainable growth of the national economy. The deterioration in welfare outcomes can be explained as a result of socioeconomic structural changes, including globalization, post-industrialization and an ageing society. Another important reason is that the social security system has not effectively addressed increasing income inequality reflecting the dualism of the labour market: there are many irregular and self-employed workers who are not covered by social security programmes. With the social security system faced with institutional difficulties in coping with increasing social risks driven by the impacts of socioeconomic and structural changes, reform is necessary to enhance social cohesion against growing labour market inequality. There is a need for "Dynamic Social Security" to provide an institutional foundation which supports the virtuous circular relationship between economic growth and distribution.

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“…Hence, people in this group seemed to fall into poverty temporarily due to the unexpected unemployment or insecure job of the HOH, which might have been greatly affected by labour market changes, particularly during the economic downturn. As mentioned earlier, Korea experienced an unprecedentedly high unemployment rate in the years after the economic crisis of 1997 (Shin 2003;Shin and Shaw 2003). In consideration of the group's relatively quick escape from poverty and consistently high level of labour market activities, temporary income maintenance programmes including unemployment benefits packages should be available to help them survive these short-lived hard times.…”

Section: Implications and Policy Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying and Explaining Different Poverty Trajectories Using a Group‐based Trajectory Analysis – A Case Study of South Korea

Kim

Dong-Myeon

2014

Soc Policy Adm

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In this study, we propose a group-based trajectory analysis to examine why and how people fall into and out of poverty despite spiralling public expenditure on anti-poverty policies. By analyzing the poverty experiences of 1,001 low-income households between 1999 and 2008 in Korea, we identify five groups based on their poverty trajectories: exiting, declining, slowly rising, rapidly rising and chronic. Household members in each group demonstrate heterogeneous labour market experiences, educational levels and demographic factors. The exiting group has a high proportion of full-time workers, high school graduates, and younger and male-headed households, whereas the chronic group has more part-time workers, high school dropouts, and older and female-headed households. Among the declining, slowly rising and rapidly rising groups, educational background, age and sex are factors that differentiate the poverty dynamics of household members. Lastly, a number of social policies for helping low-income households to leave and stay out of poverty are proposed.

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Social and Economic Policies in Korea

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Divergent Paths, Incomplete Models: Chinese and Korean Pension Development in Comparative Context

Divergent Paths, Incomplete Models: Chinese and Korean Pension Development in Comparative Context

Towards Dynamic Social Security in South Korea

Identifying and Explaining Different Poverty Trajectories Using a Group‐based Trajectory Analysis – A Case Study of South Korea

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