“…The general consensus among studies that have investigated the impact of chronic hemodialysis is that it is an enormously stressful mode of treatment that affects virtually every area of life (Abram, 1968(Abram, , 1974Crammond, Knight, & Lawrence, 1967;De-Nour, Shaltiel, & Czaczkes, 1968;Goodey & Kelly, 1967;Halper, 1971;Levy, 1979;Menzies & Stewart, 1968;Rajapaksa, 1979). The long-term nature of treatment makes it important to understand and reinforce patient behaviors and attitudes associated with adjustment to life "on the machine."…”