Social and dietary determinants of body mass index of adult Jamaicans of African origin

Jackson, Maria; Walker, Susan; Forrester, Terrence; Cruickshank, J.K.; Wilks, Rainford

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601584

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The central tenet surrounding overweight and obesity is an imbalance where energy intake exceeds expenditure. Changes in dietary patterns in the past few decades, such as an increase in the consumption of energy-dense, high-fat and sugar-rich foods, and more sedentary lifestyles have been implicated in the pandemic of obesity (19,20,47) but the association between these dietary changes and the increase in obesity has not always been demonstrable in epidemiological studies (15) . Bivariate analysis showed that high consumption of fast foods (OR 5 1?84) and sweetened beverages (OR 5 1?52) was positively associated with overweight in both sexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast-food and sweetened beverage consumption: association with overweight and high waist circumference in adolescents

Francis

Broeck

Younger

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Overweight and obesity have increased to epidemic proportions among adolescents and are associated with chronic non-communicable diseases and excess mortality in adulthood. The association of overweight/obesity with poor dietary habits has not been studied in adolescents in middle-income developing countries. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight, obesity and high waist circumference (WC) in 15-19-year-old Jamaican adolescents and to investigate the association with fast-food and sweetened beverage consumption. Design: The study enrolled 1317 (598 male, 719 female) adolescents aged 15-19 years using multistage, nationally representative sampling. Age-specific prevalence calculation used internal Z-score lines connecting with the WHO adult cut-off points. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of overweight or high WC with fast-food and sweetened beverage consumption, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: The overall prevalence of overweight, obesity and high WC was approximately 15 %, 6 % and 10 %, respectively. Prevalence estimated using internal Z-scores was similar to that using the International Obesity Taskforce cut-off points. Obesity (8?0 % in females, 3?3 % in males) and high WC (16?2 % in females, 1?7 % in males) were significantly more prevalent in females when using internal Z-score cut-offs. High WC was associated with the absence of fruit consumption (P 5 0?043) and overweight with high sweetened beverage consumption (P 5 0?018). Conclusion: Overweight occurs frequently among Jamaican 15-19-year-olds and is associated with increased consumption of sweetened beverages. High WC is more prevalent among females and is related to low consumption of fruits and vegetables. Measures to reduce the consumption of sweetened beverages and increase fruit intake may reduce the prevalence of excess body fat among adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among Jamaican adults, the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 26?5 % in 1995 (14) to 36?8 % in 2000 (15) . This is consistent with the ongoing epidemiological transition in middle-income countries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast-food and sweetened beverage consumption: association with overweight and high waist circumference in adolescents

Francis

Broeck

Younger

et al. 2009

Public Health Nutr.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] They found that St Catherine has a diverse population with congruent characteristics similar to the wider Jamaican population. The current study found that although a sample of older men in St Catherine had similar characteristics like a National sample (JSLC), some disparities still exist between the two samples.…”

Section: Accuracy Of National Surveys and Subsample Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sampling frame was men older than 55 years in the parish of St Catherine. The parish of St Catherine was chosen because previous data and surveys [11][12][13] suggested that it has the mix of demographic characteristics (urban, rural, and age composition) that typify Jamaica.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The quality of sample surveys in a developing nation

Bourne¹

2010

RRTM

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Background:In Jamaica, population census began in 1844, and many intercensal ratios obtained from the census data showed that there is a general high degree of accuracy of the data. However, statistics from the Jamaican Ministry of Health showed that there are inaccuracies in health data collected from males using sample surveys. Objectives: The objectives of the present research are to 1) investigate the accuracy of a national sample survey, 2) explore the feasibility and quality of using a subnational sample survey to represent a national survey, 3) aid other scholars in understanding the probability of using national sample surveys and subnational sample surveys, 4) assess older men's evaluation of their health status, and 5) determine whether dichotomization changes selfevaluated health status. Methods: For the current study, the data used in the analysis were originally collected from 2 different sources: 1) the Jamaica Survey of Living Conditions (JSLC) and 2) Survey of Older Men (SOM). Cross validation of self-evaluated data of men in Jamaica was done with comparable samples of the complete JSLC data and the SOM data, where men older than 55 years were selected from each sample. Results: In study 1, 50.2% of respondents indicated at least good self-evaluated health status compared with 74.0% in study 2. Statistical associations were found between health status and survey sample (χ 2 [df = 5] = 380.34, P , 0.001), self-reported illness and study sample (χ 2 [df = 1] = 65.84, P , 0.01, φ = 0.16), and health care -seeking behavior and study samples (χ 2 [df = 1] = 21.83, P , 0.05, φ = 0.10). Substantially more respondents reported an illness in study 1 (34.3%) than in study 2 (ie, 17.5%). Conclusion: Clearly, inconsistencies exist in the health data, which indicates that care should be taken in using sample surveys.

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Anthropometric reference values in an Afro‐Caribbean adolescent population

Nichols

Cadogan²

2007

American J Hum Biol

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Childhood and adolescent obesity is increasingly becoming a major public health issue in the Caribbean. In this study, we analyze patterns of growth in a population of Afro-Caribbean adolescents 12-18 years old and to compare these with those established for US adolescents. A cross-section of adolescent schoolchildren had weight and height measured using standardized procedures. In addition, percentage body fat (% BF) was measured using a foot-to-foot bioelectric impedance body fat analyzer (Tanita model 531). Selected age- and gender- specific percentiles of BMI, %BF, weight and height were derived and smoothed by cubic splines. These were compared with similar percentiles from US adolescent growth data. A total of 3,707 adolescents (1,585 males; 2,122 females) participated in the study. The age-specific correlation between BMI and %BF ranged from 0.75 to 0.87 in males and 0.79 to 0.87 in females. Females had significantly higher %BF than males in each age category. Overall, Tobagonian females were heavier and had higher BMI than their US counterparts especially levels above the median percentiles. Tobagonian males had similar height, weight, and BMI to their US counterparts over the range of percentiles. Overall, the pattern of growth in this group of adolescents suggests that they are growing at rates that are comparable to those seen in a more well-nourished population.

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Social and dietary determinants of body mass index of adult Jamaicans of African origin

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Fast-food and sweetened beverage consumption: association with overweight and high waist circumference in adolescents

Fast-food and sweetened beverage consumption: association with overweight and high waist circumference in adolescents

The quality of sample surveys in a developing nation

Anthropometric reference values in an Afro‐Caribbean adolescent population

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