Social and behavioural associated factors of actinic cheilitis in rural workers

Abstract

Objective This cross‐sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors potentially associated with the development of actinic cheilitis (AC) in Brazilian rural workers. Subjects and methods A professional performed all physical examinations and evaluations using semi‐structured questionnaires in 240 rural workers. Results Eighty‐three participants were diagnosed with AC (34.6%). It was more prevalent among workers older than 45 years (3.29–10.96 95% IC; OR = 3.30; p = .0018), Caucasians (phototypes I and II) (4.78–16.12 95% IC; OR = 10.81; p < .0001), illiterate individuals (2.16–21.59 95% IC; OR = 10.43; p = .0037), those with 6 or fewer years of formal schooling (2.03–7.89 95% IC; OR = 4.63; p = .0013), those regularly using pesticides (1.58–6.64 95% IC; OR = 2.79; p = .0260) and those who used the private health service in their last appointment (1.17–3.54 95% IC; OR = 2.72; p = .0083). Conclusion There was a substantial prevalence of AC among rural workers with advanced age, white skin, and illiteracy, those with lower levels of education, those who regularly use pesticides, and those who utilised private health services in their last appointment. Thus, healthcare strategies that include rural workers are required for the control and prevention of AC in both public and private health services.

Risk factors for actinic cheilitis: A meta-analysis

“…Table 1 presents the main descriptive characteristics and the methodological quality according to the NOS scale of the twelve studies included in this meta-analysis. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] A total of 3798 individuals, 1084 patients (28.6%) with AC and 2714 (71.4%) without this lip lesion were recorded in these studies. By gender, 679 males (62.6%) and 405 females (37.4%) were found in the group of AC patients, with 1406 males (51.8%) and 1308 females (48.2%) in non-AC subjects.…”

“…Seven studies [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] analyzed whether being older or younger than 50 could influence the risk of developing AC. Patients >50 years of age were 3.01 times more likely to develop AC with a highly significant statistical relationship (OR = 3.01; 95% CI: 1.88-4.80, P < 0.001).…”

“…Statistical analysis revealed a highly significant association (MD = 8.13; 95% CI: 5.07-11.19, P < 0.001). Regarding gender, 11 studies [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][14][15][16] evaluated this parameter as a risk factor, reporting a 1.78-times higher probability of AC in men than in women, with statistically significant differences (OR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.25-2.53, P < 0.01).…”

“…Harmful habits (smoking and drinking) were also examined in AC patients compared to the controls without AC. Twelve studies [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] considered that smoking increased the risk of developing AC 1.32 times, with a statistically significant relationship (OR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.02-1.71, P = 0.04).…”

“…In seven studies, 5,7,8,10,11,14,15 alcohol beverage intake was assessed in AC patients and controls, demonstrating that drinkers had 1.56 times more risk of AC. Statistical analysis indicated a highly significant association (OR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.29-1.88, P < 0.001).…”