Social Altruism and Crime*

Chamlin, Mitchell B.; Cochran, John K.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1997.tb00875.x

Cited by 120 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Studies have frequently explored the cross-sectional relationship between the number of racial/ethnic minorities and the amount of crime in a city (Baumer et al 1998;Chamlin and Cochran 1997;Miethe, Hughes, and McDowall 1991), or in a neighborhood (Hipp 2007b;Krivo and Peterson 1996;McNulty 2001;Ouimet 2000;Roncek 1981;Roncek and Maier 1991). Various theoretical explanations are offered for this relationship.…”

Section: Does Racial/ethnic Composition Affect the Crime Rate?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Violent Crime, Mobility Decisions, and Neighborhood Racial/Ethnic Transition

Hipp

2011

Social Problems

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Section: Does Racial/ethnic Composition Affect the Crime Rate?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Violent Crime, Mobility Decisions, and Neighborhood Racial/Ethnic Transition

Hipp

2011

Social Problems

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“…A rich tradition of sociological and criminological studies has focused on the relationship between crime rates and the social and economic environment of macro-level units such as cities (e.g., Chamlin and Cochran 1997;Liska and Bellair 1995). Whereas much of this research has focused on the relationship between key socio-demographic characteristics and levels of crime at a single point in time in cities (Chamlin and Cochran 1997;Sampson 1987), a smaller body of research has explored how the economic environment and levels of crime can co-evolve (Ousey and Kubrin 2009;Stults and Hasbrouck 2015).…”

Section: Changing Crime Levels In Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas much of this research has focused on the relationship between key socio-demographic characteristics and levels of crime at a single point in time in cities (Chamlin and Cochran 1997;Sampson 1987), a smaller body of research has explored how the economic environment and levels of crime can co-evolve (Ousey and Kubrin 2009;Stults and Hasbrouck 2015). Nonetheless, a consistent feature of this literature is an almost exclusive focus on very large geographic units such as MSAs, counties, or large cities, typically with at least 100,000 population.…”

Section: Changing Crime Levels In Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cities and the larger context: What explains changing levels of crime?

Hipp

Kane

2017

Journal of Criminal Justice

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This study explores whether the broader context in which a city is located impacts the change in crime levels over the subsequent decade. This study uses a wide range of cities (those with a population of at least 10,000), over a long period of time (from 1970 to 2010). We test and find that although cities with larger population and those surrounded by a county with a larger population typically experience larger increases in crime over the subsequent decade, cities experiencing an increase in population during the current decade experience crime decreases.The study finds that cities with higher average income experience greater subsequent crime decreases, and those surrounded by counties with larger unemployment increases experience crime increases. Higher levels of income inequality and racial/ethnic heterogeneity are associated with increasing crime rates, and increasing inequality and racial/ethnic heterogeneity in the surrounding county are associated with further increases. Furthermore, this relationship has strengthened since 1970, suggesting that both scales of inequality are even more important from a public safety perspective. Finally, we tested the time invariance of these relationships, and showed that the magnitude of the relationship between city-level inequality and increasing crime has increased over the study period.Keywords: cities, crime, longitudinal, inequality, racial/ethnic heterogeneity. Changing crime levels in cities BioJohn R. Hipp is a Professor in the departments of Criminology, Law and Society, and Sociology, at the University of California Irvine. His research interests focus on how neighborhoods change over time, how that change both affects and is affected by neighborhood crime, and the role networks and institutions play in that change. He approaches these questions using quantitative methods as well as social network analysis. He has published substantive work in such journals as an outcome measure -in the form of changes to the built environment, shifting patterns of employment, or the socioeconomic composition of places -and links these to drivers of change including policy, structural economic shifts, or preferences for how we use and travel across urban space. An important characteristic of existing macro-level studies is that they have almost never focused on how the broader metropolitan context in which cities are located might impact changes in crime. That is to say, the focus is often placed either on variation in crime across counties or MSAs, or variation in crime across a set of large cities -in both cases omitting the simultaneous relationship between a city's crime rate and the characteristics of both the city and the region in which it is situated. This suggests a needed area of research given that the larger context of a region, and how it is changing, likely has consequences for the level of crime in cities within that region.In raising the question of the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and crime rates of cities, and how the larg...

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“…Studies have also tested the relationship between poverty and crime for larger units of analysis-such as cities, counties, or even MSA's (Bainbridge 1989;Beyerlein and Hipp 2005;Chamlin and Cochran 1997;Crutchfield, Geerken, and Gove 1982;Gibbs and Erickson 1976;Harer and Steffensmeier 1992;Hipp, Bauer, Curran, and Bollen 2004;Liska and Bellair 1995;Liska, Logan, and Bellair 1998;Messner and Blau 1987;Shihadeh and Ousey 1996). This assumption of a linear relationship between poverty and crime may not be reasonable given that scholars following William Julius Wilson (Wilson 1987) have posited a threshold effect in which crime increases dramatically in high poverty neighborhoods.…”

Section: Economic Resources and Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This can have consequences for the overall rate of crime in the city. Therefore, studies viewing the relationship between inequality and crime using larger units of analysis, such as cities, counties, or even MSA's are not necessarily assume scale invariance, but instead are at least implicitly arguing that this is the proper unit of analysis at which the mechanism of inequality affects crime rates (Blau and Blau 1982;Chamlin and Cochran 1997;Golden and Messner 1987;Harer and Steffensmeier 1992;Kposowa, Breault, and Harrison 1995;Land, McCall, and Cohen 1990;Ousey 1999;Simpson 1985).…”

Section: Inequalitymentioning

confidence: 99%