Sobremesa L-type Amino Acid Transporter Expressed in Glia Is Essential for Proper Timing of Development and Brain Growth

Galagovsky, Diego; Depetris-Chauvin, Ana; Manière, Gérard; Geillon, Flore; Berthelot-Grosjean, Martine; Noirot, Elodie; Alves, Georges; Grosjean, Yaël

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.08.067

Cited by 18 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Nutritional signaling via insulin acts directly on the PG and is required for ecdysone production pre-critical weight but not post-critical weight (Koyama et al, 2014;Shingleton et al, 2005). Furthermore, PTTH secretion is also controlled by nutrition and is required for normal attainment of critical weight (Galagovsky et al, 2018;Shimell et al, 2018), suggesting that PTTH acts together with insulin before attainment of critical weight to generate a small nutrient-dependent rise in ecdysone production at the beginning of L3. This small ecdysone peak upregulates Ptth via EcR and, under this scenario, corresponds to critical weight, which occurs ∼10 h after the L2-L3 transition.…”

Section: Discussion Ecr-mediated Feedback Induces Developmental Maturmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecdysone-dependent feedback regulation of prothoracicotropic hormone controls the timing of developmental maturation

et al. 2020

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The activation of a neuroendocrine system that induces a surge in steroid production is a conserved initiator of the juvenile-to-adult transition in many animals. The trigger for maturation is the secretion of brain-derived neuropeptides, yet the mechanisms controlling the timely onset of this event remain ill-defined. Here, we show that a regulatory feedback circuit controlling the Drosophila neuropeptide Prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) triggers maturation onset. We identify the Ecdysone Receptor (EcR) in the PTTH-expressing neurons (PTTHn) as a regulator of developmental maturation onset. Loss of EcR in these PTTHn impairs PTTH signaling, which delays maturation. We find that the steroid ecdysone dose-dependently affects Ptth transcription, promoting its expression at lower concentrations and inhibiting it at higher concentrations. Our findings indicate the existence of a feedback circuit in which rising ecdysone levels trigger, via EcR activity in the PTTHn, the PTTH surge that generates the maturation-inducing ecdysone peak toward the end of larval development. Because steroid feedback is also known to control the vertebrate maturation-inducing hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, our findings suggest an overall conservation of the feedback-regulatory neuroendocrine circuitry that controls the timing of maturation initiation.

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Section: Discussion Ecr-mediated Feedback Induces Developmental Maturmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecdysone-dependent feedback regulation of prothoracicotropic hormone controls the timing of developmental maturation

et al. 2020

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“…This ecdysone production may also depend on the presence of various nutrients such as amino acids since it is under the control of DILPs [ 45 ]. Moreover, it has been shown that the amino acid transporter coding gene Sobremesa (Sbm) expressed in glial cells is involved in the timing of larval and brain development [ 46 ]. Sbm downregulation causes an extension of the duration of the last larval instar together with an increased body size, but leads to smaller brain lobes.…”

Section: Direct Amino Acid Sensing By Brain Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Downregulation of Sbm in glia cells does not affect dilp6 expression in glia but reduces PTTH levels (Fig. 5 ) [ 46 ]. This drop of PTTH might lead to a decrease of ecdysone synthesis inducing a developmental delay and a reduction of the brain size due to less neuroblast division [ 47 ].…”

Section: Direct Amino Acid Sensing By Brain Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growth regulation by amino acid transporters in Drosophila larvae

Manière

Alves

Berthelot-Grosjean

et al. 2020

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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Drosophila larvae need to adapt their metabolism to reach a critical body size to pupate. This process needs food resources and has to be tightly adjusted to control metamorphosis timing and adult size. Nutrients such as amino acids either directly present in the food or obtained via protein digestion play key regulatory roles in controlling metabolism and growth. Amino acids act especially on two organs, the fat body and the brain, to control larval growth, body size developmental timing and pupariation. The expression of specific amino acid transporters in fat body cells, and in the brain through specific neurons and glial cells is essential to activate downstream molecular signaling pathways in response to amino acid levels. In this review, we highlight some of these specific networks dependent on amino acid diet to control DILP levels, and by consequence larval metabolism and growth.

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“…Additionally, a subgroup of serotonergic neurons innervates and stimulates the PG in response to rich food quality [48]. Finally, the expression of a predicted amino acid transporter gene (sobremesa) in the glial cells is somehow essential for the proper timing of development [49].…”

Section: Feedback Mechanisms Between Maturation and Growth Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Maturation in Development: A Fly’s Perspective

Delanoue

Romero

2020

IJMS

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In mammals like humans, adult fitness is improved due to resource allocation, investing energy in the developmental growth process during the juvenile period, and in reproduction at the adult stage. Therefore, the attainment of their target body height/size co-occurs with the acquisition of maturation, implying a need for coordination between mechanisms that regulate organismal growth and maturation timing. Insects like Drosophila melanogaster also define their adult body size by the end of the juvenile larval period. Recent studies in the fly have shown evolutionary conservation of the regulatory pathways controlling growth and maturation, suggesting the existence of common coordinator mechanisms between them. In this review, we will present an overview of the significant advancements in the coordination mechanisms ensuring developmental robustness in Drosophila. We will include (i) the characterization of feedback mechanisms between maturation and growth hormones, (ii) the recognition of a relaxin-like peptide Dilp8 as a central processor coordinating juvenile regeneration and time of maturation, and (iii) the identification of a novel coordinator mechanism involving the AstA/KISS system.

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Sobremesa L-type Amino Acid Transporter Expressed in Glia Is Essential for Proper Timing of Development and Brain Growth

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

Ecdysone-dependent feedback regulation of prothoracicotropic hormone controls the timing of developmental maturation

Ecdysone-dependent feedback regulation of prothoracicotropic hormone controls the timing of developmental maturation

Growth regulation by amino acid transporters in Drosophila larvae

Growth and Maturation in Development: A Fly’s Perspective

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