“…Mostefaoui and Hirsbrunner propose a formal definition of context to model content's contextual information (Mostefaoui & Hirsbrunner 2004) Lemlouma and Layaida propose a framework to assert metadata information of Web content (Lemlouma & Layaida 2001 (Zhang, Zhang et al 2005). Besides, several Web Ontology Language (OWL)-based context models are presented (Khedr & Karmouch 2004;Yang, Zhang, Chen 2008;Yang, Zhang et al 2009) to provide high-quality results of Web content presentation beyond the expressive limitations of CC/PP. These researchers all utilize ontology to describe contextual information including location, time, device, preference, and network.…”