SO2- and NOx- initiated atmospheric degradation of polymeric films: Morphological and chemical changes, influence of relative humidity and inorganic pigments

Pagnin, Laura; Calvini, Rosalba; Wiesinger, Rita; Schreiner, Manfred

doi:10.1016/j.microc.2021.106087

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…While the photodegradation reactions involving alkyd polymers have been investigated in depth [6][7][8][9], less information is present about the deterioration processes related to the interaction between this modern synthetic material and atmospheric pollutant gases. As previously verified [10], various atmospheric constituents (such as SO 2 and NO x ) affect the chemical stability of this polymer, mainly due to their enhanced reactivity when combined with moisture and their corrosive effect on paint surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

How Can Ozone and Relative Humidity Affect Artists’ Alkyd Paints? A FT-IR and Py-GC/MS Systematic Study

2022

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Knowledge of the chemical–physical reactions that determine the main degradation behaviour of artists’ alkyd paints represents one of the main problems within the museum exhibitions. The collection and interpretation of these data on degradation phenomena, especially after ozone exposure at different relative humidity values, can be useful for their conservation needs. Therefore, a systematic investigation of these materials may help achieve this goal. Firstly, surface-level identification of the main functional groups of ad hoc created and aged alkyd paints was performed using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Subsequently, these paints were investigated by pyrolysis–gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS), allowing for precise bulk identification of the organic compounds before and after accelerated ageing. A first successful attempt to provide quantitative Py–GC/MS data on alkyd-based paints is here presented and discussed. Comparing the results, it was possible to obtain new insights into the degradation behaviour of alkyd paints when exposed to ozone, allowing us to devise specific preventive and conservation strategies for these artistic materials.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

How Can Ozone and Relative Humidity Affect Artists’ Alkyd Paints? A FT-IR and Py-GC/MS Systematic Study

2022

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“…The main environmental agents that can lead to deterioration are temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) fluctuations, solar irradiation (UV-light), particulate matter, and gaseous pollutants. The latest research [9][10][11] show that gaseous pollutants have a significant impact on the chemical stability of painting materials. Degradation reactions vary depending on the type of gas under consideration, its combination with environmental humidified water, and their interaction with different polymeric materials and the pigments in the mixture.…”

Section: Environmental Agents and Pollutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary approach to protect Street Art from environmental agents and gaseous pollutants

Pagnin¹,

Izzo²,

Goidanich³

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the 2022 IMEKO TC4 International Conference on Metrology for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage

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In recent years, the interest in developing and assessing protective coatings for the safeguard of Street Art has increased. Considering the complex formulations of spray paints used for these artworks, the study of their degradation phenomena when exposed to atmospheric agents (relative humidity, temperature, UV-light, corrosive gases) is still not fully understood. Within the framework of the SuperStar project, we present a state-of-the-art research and a preliminary investigation to select specific protective coatings, to be tested in the laboratory and on real case studies, and assess their stability and compatibility with the substrate.

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“…Environmental relative humidity induces reactions of hydrolysis on the polymeric structure of the paint (especially for acrylic) which coincides also with a further absorption of water by the presence of hygroscopic materials inside the paint (such as non-ionic surfactants) [81], and the breaking of the saturated aliphatic chains (in alkyd paints) [82]. Moreover, rain washes away the surface causing solubilisation, loss of additives, and entrance of polluting agents, such as nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide which lower the pH and catalyse the activation of further chemical reactions [83]. Specifically, the corrosive agents present in the air (such as NO X , CO 2 , and SO 2 ) can be hydrolysed with a series of equilibrium reactions in rainwater droplets, leading to rain acidification.…”

Section: Effects Of Outdoor Exposure On Street Artworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protecting Street Art from Outdoor Environmental Threats: What Are the Challenges?

Pagnin,

Guarnieri,

Izzo

et al. 2023

Coatings

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Street Art is an artistic expression in constant development, whose interest has grown in recent years among society, public administrations, conservators, and heritage scientists. This growing awareness has given rise to a series of debates between professionals with the intent to expand the knowledge relating to conservation practices and possible protection solutions. Additionally, the paint materials used by contemporary artists are in constant development; therefore, difficulty has emerged in the identification of their degradation processes when exposed to environmental conditions and in the consequent selection of a specific protection system. This review presents an overview of the recent literature and experiences in the field of knowledge and preservation of Street Art, focusing on the type and nature of paint formulations, the main deterioration processes of painted artworks in outdoor conditions, and the most recent advances in materials and methods for the conservation and protection of Street Art. This review aims to emphasise how the approach to the challenge of preservation of Street Art is complex, aspiring to the need for optimised diagnostic protocols for the development of innovative and effective protective coatings. This paper is a starting point to provide suggestions and indications for the development of further research projects within the framework of preservation and protection of contemporary muralism.

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SO2- and NOx- initiated atmospheric degradation of polymeric films: Morphological and chemical changes, influence of relative humidity and inorganic pigments

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

How Can Ozone and Relative Humidity Affect Artists’ Alkyd Paints? A FT-IR and Py-GC/MS Systematic Study

How Can Ozone and Relative Humidity Affect Artists’ Alkyd Paints? A FT-IR and Py-GC/MS Systematic Study

Preliminary approach to protect Street Art from environmental agents and gaseous pollutants

Protecting Street Art from Outdoor Environmental Threats: What Are the Challenges?

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