So Close Yet So Far: Executive Contribution to Memory Processing in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

Bertoux, Maxime; Ramanan, Siddharth; Slachevsky, Andrea; Wong, Stephanie; Henríquez, Fernando; Musa, Gada; Delgado, Carolina; Flanagan, Emma; Bottlaender, Michel; Sarazin, Marie; Hornberger, Michael; Dubois, Bruno

doi:10.3233/jad-160522

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In addition, to overcome the limitation of the memory test applied in this study, the use of more sensitive neuropsychological tests and specific to temporal lobe impairment will help to refine our results and better describe the extent and nature of impairments in ALS. Importantly, to evaluate executive dysfunction impact on memory performance, specific assessments are recommended, similarly to what has been performed in bvFTD (Bertoux et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional papez circuit integrity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Bueno

Pinaya

Moura

et al. 2018

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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Cognitive impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is heterogeneous but now recognized as a feature in non-demented patients and no longer exclusively attributed to executive dysfunction. However, despite common reports of temporal lobe changes and memory deficits in ALS, episodic memory has been less explored. In the current study, we examined how the Papez circuit-a circuit known to participate in memory processes-is structurally and functionally affected in ALS patients (n = 20) compared with healthy controls (n = 15), and whether these changes correlated with a commonly used clinical measure of episodic memory. Our multimodal MRI approach (cortical volume, voxel-based morphometry, diffusion tensor imaging and resting state functional magnetic resonance) showed reduced gray matter in left hippocampus, left entorhinal cortex and right posterior cingulate as well as increased white matter fractional anisotropy and decreased mean diffusivity in the left cingulum bundle (hippocampal part) of ALS patients compared with controls. Interestingly, thalamus, mammillary bodies and fornix were preserved. Finally, we report a decreased functional connectivity in ALS patients in bilateral hippocampus, bilateral anterior and posterior parahippocampal gyrus and posterior cingulate. The results revealed that ALS patients showed statistically significant structural changes, but more important, widespread prominent functional connectivity abnormalities across the regions comprising the Papez circuit. The decreased functional connectivity found in the Papez network may suggest these changes could be used to assess risk or assist early detection or development of memory symptoms in ALS patients even before structural changes are established.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional papez circuit integrity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Bueno

Pinaya

Moura

et al. 2018

Brain Imaging and Behavior

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“…bvFTD on its part has been characterized by a remarkable change in personality with prominent apathy and disinhibition, accompanied by a lack of empathy and insight, stereotypical behaviors and changes in eating habits (e.g., the development of a 'sweet tooth'), obsessive-compulsive behaviors, yet with relative preservation of other cognitive areas such as visuospatial function and memory in the early stages [12,29]. However, a subset of patients with bvFTD exhibit early problems with episodic memory [17], which in some occasions can easily be confused with AD, because they show the same type of memory loss. The diagnostic criteria currently used are those proposed by Raskovsky et al, which even though do not consider the memory impairment in bvFTD, have demonstrated to be more sensitive than previous criteria [30].…”

Section: Clinical Profiles Of Ad and Bvftdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, there are consistent differences between clinical findings in early onset AD (EOAD) and late-onset AD (LOAD), where the onset of EOAD is more likely to be marked by atypical symptoms, and cognitive assessments point to poorer executive, visuospatial functioning and praxis, with less marked memory impairment [16]. Turning to bvFTD, there is significant evidence that demonstrates that some bvFTD patients show memory impairment similar to AD in episodic memory tests, which is in line with a hippocampal affectation profile [17,18]. Therefore, the diagnosis of YOD continues to be a challenge despite considerable improvement in the quality of neuropsychology, neuroimaging and biomarker assays [5,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Alzheimer’s Disease or Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia? Review of Key Points Toward an Accurate Clinical and Neuropsychological Diagnosis

Musa

Slachevsky

Muñoz-Neira

et al. 2020

JAD

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are the most common neurodegenerative early-onset dementias. Despite the fact that both conditions have a very distinctive clinical pattern, they present with an overlap in their cognitive and behavioral features that may lead to misdiagnosis or delay in diagnosis. The current review intends to summarize briefly the main differences at the clinical, neuropsychological, and behavioral levels, in an attempt to suggest which aspects would facilitate an adequate diagnosis in a clinical setting, especially in Latin American and low-and middle-income countries, where the resources needed for a differential diagnosis (such as MRI or biomarkers) are not always available. A timely diagnosis of AD and FTD have significant implications for the medical management and quality of life of patients and careers.

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“…We presented a series of three case reports with patients initially demonstrating a clinical phenotype of ASHT suggestive of typical amnesic AD, which was related to different pathologies: FTD, PSP, and typical AD. In the FTD case, the low free recall probably resulted from a frontal-related retrieval deficit, whereas the poor efficacy of the cueing was presumably related to hippocampal involvement known to occur in FTD [15,31], and evidenced by HA on MRI. The normality of pathophysiological CSF biomarkers excluded the diagnosis of AD, and symptom evolution confirmed bvFTD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis Relies on a Twofold Clinical-Biological Algorithm: Three Memory Clinic Case Reports

Nogueira¹,

Samri²,

Epelbaum³

et al. 2017

JAD

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The International Working Group recently provided revised criteria of Alzheimer's disease (AD) proposing that the diagnosis of typical amnesic AD should be established by a clinical-biological signature, defined by the phenotype of an "amnesic syndrome of the hippocampal type" (ASHT) combined with positive in vivo evidence of AD pathophysiology in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or on amyloid PET imaging. The application and clinical value of this refined diagnostic algorithm, initially intended for research purposes, is explored in three memory clinic cases presenting with different cognitive profiles including an ASHT, hippocampal atrophy, and CSF AD-biomarker data. The case reports highlight that the isolated occurrence of one of the two proposed AD criteria, ASHT or positive pathophysiological markers, does not provide a reliable diagnosis of typical AD. It is proposed that the twofold diagnostic IWG algorithm can be applied and operationalized in memory clinic settings to improve the diagnostic accuracy of typical amnesic AD in clinical practice.

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So Close Yet So Far: Executive Contribution to Memory Processing in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

Cited by 20 publications

References 49 publications

Structural and functional papez circuit integrity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Structural and functional papez circuit integrity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Alzheimer’s Disease or Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia? Review of Key Points Toward an Accurate Clinical and Neuropsychological Diagnosis

Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis Relies on a Twofold Clinical-Biological Algorithm: Three Memory Clinic Case Reports

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