So close and yet so far: mitochondria and peroxisomes are one but with specific talents

Hartwig, Sonja; Knebel, Birgit; Goeddeke, Simon; Koellmer, Cornelia; Shvero, Jacob; Nitzgen, Ulrike; Paßlack, Waltraud; Schiller, Martina; Dicken, Hans-Dieter; Haas, Jutta; Müller‐Wieland, Dirk; Kotzka, Jörg

doi:10.3109/13813455.2013.796994

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…ROS can be both generated and/or scavenged by peroxisomes (37). Peroxisomal oxidases can generate H 2 O 2 but iNOS was also detected in peroxisomes (61).…”

Section: Oxidative Stress In Liver Fibrogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysregulation of redox pathways in liver fibrosis

Török

2016

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Reactive oxygen species are implicated in physiological signaling and cell fate decisions. In chronic liver diseases persistent and increased production of oxidative radicals drives a fibrogenic response that is a common feature of disease progression. Despite our understanding the biology of the main prooxidant enzymes, their targets, and antioxidant mechanisms in the liver, there is still lack of knowledge concerning their precise role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis. This review will examine the role of physiological redox signaling in the liver, provide an overview on recent advances in prooxidant and antioxidant pathways that are dysregulated during fibrosis, and highlight possible novel treatment targets.

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“…ROS can be both generated and/or scavenged by peroxisomes (37). Peroxisomal oxidases can generate H 2 O 2 but iNOS was also detected in peroxisomes (61).…”

Section: Oxidative Stress In Liver Fibrogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysregulation of redox pathways in liver fibrosis

Török

2016

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…Activity of intracellular organelles help to elucidate metabolic fitness in healthy and diseased conditions . We recently reported a shift in tasks of cellular organelles controlling energy homeostasis, i.e., mitochondria and peroxisomes in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of Liver Peroxisomal and Mitochondrial Functionality in the NZO Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome

Knebel

Göddeke

Hartwig

et al. 2017

Proteomics Clinical Apps

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Purpose: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) consists of five risk factors: elevated blood pressure and fasting glucose, visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypercholesterinemia. The physiological impact of lipid metabolism indicated as visceral obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation on MetS is still under debate. One major cause of disturbed lipid metabolism might be dysfunction of cellular organelles controlling energy homeostasis, i.e., mitochondria and peroxisomes. Experimental design: The New Zealand Obese (NZO) mouse model exhibits a polygenic syndrome of obesity, insulin resistance, triglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia that resembles human metabolic syndrome. We applied a multi-omics approach combining lipidomics with liver transcriptomics and top-down MS based organelle proteomics (2D-DIGE) of highly enriched mitochondria and peroxisomes in male mice, to investigate molecular mechanisms related to the impact of lipid metabolism in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome. Conclusions and clinical relevance: Proteome analyses of liver organelles indicate differences in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism, mainly influenced by PG-C1α/PPARα and other nuclear receptor mediated pathways. These results are in accordance with altered serum lipid profiles and elevated organelle functionality. These data emphasize that metabolic syndrome is accompanied with increased mitochondria and peroxisomal activity to cope with dyslipidemia and hypercholesterinemia driven hepatic lipid overflow in developing a fatty liver.

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“…In this study, somes are also key players in lipid metabolism [6]. To follow this 462 hypothesis, we isolated peroxisomes and mitochondria in parallel for 463 proteomic profiling.…”

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confidence: 99%