SNP markers reveal relationships between fruit paternity, fruit quality and distance from a cross-pollen source in avocado orchards

Kämper, Wiebke; Ogbourne, Steven M.; Hawkes, David B.; Trueman, Stephen J.

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99394-7

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Button mushrooms ranged in iron content from 0.2 to 0.3 mg/100 g in 1983 [ 30 ] and 2000 [ 15 ], respectively, but higher in 2013 at 0.9 mg/100 g [ 37 ]. Hass avocado ranged from 0.5–0.7 mg/100 g between 1982 and 2015 [ 15 , 29 , 41 ], but higher values were reported in 2018 (2.0 mg/100 g) [ 49 ] and 2020 (1.0 mg/100 g) [ 50 ]. Corn showed the largest decline in iron content from 2.1 mg/100 g in 1983 [ 31 ] to 0.5 mg/100 g in 2000 [ 15 ] and 1.2 mg/100 g in 2017 [ 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Change in Iron Content of Vegetables and Legumes in Australia: A Scoping Review

Eberl

Zheng

et al. 2021

Foods

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Studies in UK and US have reported a temporal decline in the iron content of plant-based foods. Limited research on this topic has been conducted in Australia. The aim of this scoping review was to provide a comprehensive evaluation on the temporal change in iron content of Australian vegetables and legumes from 1900 onward. A systematic search of electronic databases, websites, backward reference searching, and Australian food composition tables was conducted. A total of 34 articles and six versions of Australian food composition databases published between 1930s to 2021, were included in this review. Overall, iron content of vegetables and legumes were assessed at limited time points and geographical origin, cultivars, sampling and analytical techniques varied across studies. The majority of vegetables had similar iron content between two or more timepoints but decreases of 30–50% were noted for sweet corn, red-skinned potatoes, cauliflower and green beans while increases of 150–300% were seen for Hass avocadoes, mushrooms and silverbeet. More pronounced reductions in iron content were observed for legumes, with higher and more variable values reported pre-2000 compared to recent years. Due to limited data and variations in sampling and analytical techniques, no definitive conclusions could be established. As plant-based diets are becoming more popular, consistent monitoring of the nutrient composition of staple plant-based foods is strongly recommended.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Change in Iron Content of Vegetables and Legumes in Australia: A Scoping Review

Eberl

Zheng

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…Cross-pollinated and self-pollinated strawberry fruit rarely differed in mineral nutrient concentrations or contents, either during early fruit development or at maturity. Pollen parents can affect fruit chemical composition [ 1 , 10 , 47 ] and cross-pollination increases calcium concentrations in apple and avocado fruit [ 21 , 22 , 47 ]. The accumulation of mineral nutrients to fruit has been thought to be affected directly by the auxin levels produced by developing seeds [ 1 , 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass and mineral nutrient partitioning among self-pollinated and cross-pollinated fruit on the same strawberry plant

et al. 2022

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Pollen-parent effects on fruit size and quality have been found previously among competing self-pollinated and cross-pollinated fruit on the same Redlands Joy strawberry plant. These effects occur independently of the percentage of fertilized seeds on the fruit, but the expression of these effects on fruit size and some aspects of quality are greatest when calcium is in shortest supply. Here, we aimed to clarify at what developmental stages the self-pollinated and cross-pollinated fruit diverge in size and quality and whether differences between self-pollinated and cross-pollinated fruit are due to early differences in nutrient accumulation. Fruit were harvested at 1, 2 and 3 weeks after hand-pollination and at full ripeness, approximately 4 weeks after hand-pollination. We measured fruit mass, length, diameter, colour, and the concentrations of aluminium, boron, calcium, copper, iron, nitrogen, magnesium, manganese, sodium, phospho-rous, potassium and zinc. Temporary increases in fruit mass, length or diameter due to cross-pollination were evident at 1 or 2 weeks after pollination. Consistent increases in size and skin darkness from cross-pollination emerged in the final week of fruit development. We found little evidence that self-pollinated and cross-pollinated fruit differed in mineral nutrient accumulation at any stage of fruit development. The results demonstrate that cross-pollination effects on strawberry fruit size are evident briefly during early fruit growth but emerge mainly during the final week of fruit development. The effects of cross-pollination on fruit size are not the result of early differences in mineral nutrient accumulation between self-pollinated and cross-pollinated fruit.

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“…Disposable 2.3 mm and 0.1 mm zirconia-silica beads and liquid nitrogen were added to samples prior to shaking on a TissueLyser II system (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Multiplex PCR reactions were carried out for each DNA sample to amplify the regions with unique single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were identified from the cultivars, Hass, Shepard and Maluma Hass [37,63]. The cultivars Hass and Carmen Hass share the same DNA sequences in these regions and may be isogenic or nearly so [63].…”

Section: Paternity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cultivars Hass and Carmen Hass share the same DNA sequences in these regions and may be isogenic or nearly so [63]. High-throughput genotyping to assign paternity to each fruitlet and mature seed was performed via the Agena MassARRAY platform (Agena Bioscience, San Diego, CA, USA) using 28 recently designed assays for avocado [37,63].…”

Section: Paternity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, avocado orchards are usually established with a mixture of type A and type B cultivars to maximise the amount of pollen deposited on stigmas. However, avocado fruit set can occur through either self-pollination or cross-pollination [36,37]. Avocado trees are normally propagated clonally by grafting budwood from the scion cultivar onto seedling rootstocks [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boron Effects on Fruit Set, Yield, Quality and Paternity of Hass Avocado

et al. 2022

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Boron plays a critical role in pollination and fertilization and can affect fruit set and yield. We applied 0 g, 15 g (manufacturer recommendation) or 30 g boron pre-flowering to Hass avocado trees to determine the effects on fruit set, fruitlet paternity, yield, fruit size, mineral nutrient concentrations and fatty acid composition. The boron applications did not significantly affect the initial fruit set at 3 or 6 weeks after peak anthesis or the proportions of self-pollinated fruitlets or mature fruit. Approximately 88–92% of the mature fruit were self-pollinated. However, applying 30 g boron per tree reduced the fruit set at 10 weeks after peak anthesis by 56% and the final yield by 25%. Attaining > 90% of the maximum yield was associated with foliar boron concentrations being below 104 mg/kg at 6 weeks after peak anthesis and between 39 and 68 mg/kg at 28 weeks after peak anthesis. Applying 15 g boron per tree increased the fruit mass by 5%, fruit diameter by 2%, flesh mass by 9%, flesh boron concentration by 55%, and the relative abundance of unsaturated fatty acids by 1% compared with control trees. Applying the recommended amount of boron provided a good yield of high-quality avocado fruit but applying boron at double the recommended rate reduced the yield.

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SNP markers reveal relationships between fruit paternity, fruit quality and distance from a cross-pollen source in avocado orchards

Cited by 11 publications

References 60 publications

Temporal Change in Iron Content of Vegetables and Legumes in Australia: A Scoping Review

Temporal Change in Iron Content of Vegetables and Legumes in Australia: A Scoping Review

Biomass and mineral nutrient partitioning among self-pollinated and cross-pollinated fruit on the same strawberry plant

Boron Effects on Fruit Set, Yield, Quality and Paternity of Hass Avocado

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