SnO₂Nanostructure as Pollutant Gas Sensors: Synthesis, Sensing Performances, and Mechanism

Abstract

A significant amount of pollutants is produced from factories and motor vehicles in the form of gas. Their negative impact on the environment is well known; therefore detection with effective gas sensors is important as part of pollution prevention efforts. Gas sensors use a metal oxide semiconductor, specifically SnO 2 nanostructures. This semiconductor is interesting and worthy of further investigation because of its many uses, for example, as lithium battery electrode, energy storage, catalyst, and transistor, and has potential as a gas sensor. In addition, there has to be a discussion of the use of SnO 2 as a pollutant gas sensor especially for waste products such as CO, CO 2 , SO 2 , and NO x . In this paper, the development of the fabrication of SnO 2 nanostructures synthesis will be described as it relates to the performances as pollutant gas sensors. In addition, the functionalization of SnO 2 as a gas sensor is extensively discussed with respect to the theory of gas adsorption, the surface features of SnO 2 , the band gap theory, and electron transfer.

Catalysis-Based Cataluminescent and Conductometric Gas Sensors: Sensing Nanomaterials, Mechanism, Applications and Perspectives

“…According to carrier type such as electron or cavity, semiconductor gas sensors can be classified into n-type (e.g., CdO and SnO 2 ) and p-type (e.g., NiO) sensors [59,60]. Most gas sensors are n-type, in which electrons are carriers instead of cavities during sensing process.…”

Palladium-Doped Tin Oxide Nanosensor for the Detection of the Air Pollutant Carbon Monoxide Gas

“…No one is safe from air pollution because the waste from many processes, technically termed as air pollutants, are dumped directly into the environment, which exhibits a direct impact on the environment and thereby endangering the natural ecosystem. The most abundant sources of air pollutants are gases, among which those of primary concern are oxides of carbon (CO 2 and CO), SO 2 , and NO x [ 2 ].…”

Density Functional Study on Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene Adsorptions on ZnO(100) Surface

“…Resistive-based gas sensor is a type of gas sensor which has many advantages including high sensitivity, high stability, portability, low power consumption, and low production cost (Gurlo, 2006;Gurlo & Riedel, 2007;Miller, Akbar, & Morris, 2014;Mirzaei et al, 2018). The main sensing part of this sensor is frequently made from semiconductor metal-oxide (Debataraja et al, 2017;Gurlo & Riedel, 2007;Iqbal et al, 2014;Miller et al, 2014;Mirzaei et al, 2018;Muchtar, Septiani, Iqbal, Nuruddin, & Yuliarto, 2018;Rifai et al, 2011;Septiani, Yuliarto, Nugraha, & Dipojono, 2017;Septiani et al, 2018Septiani et al, , 2015Septiani & Yuliarto, 2016;Yuliarto, Gumilar, & Septiani, 2015;Yuliarto, Iqbal, & Nuruddin, 2013;Yuliarto, Ramadhani, Nugraha, Septiani, & Hamam, 2017;Yuliarto, Nulhakim, et al, 2015). Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a wide gap metal-oxide that has been used in many resistive-based gas sensor application, including benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) sensors.…”