SnO<sub>2</sub>: A Wonderful Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells

Jiang, Qi; Zhang, Qizhou; You, Jingbi

doi:10.1002/smll.201801154

Cited by 731 publications

(532 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…[21][22][23] Taking this into account, electron beam evaporated NiO x as an HTL is improving the device robustness against temperature stress, which is usually the only stress factor that is not limited during outdoor operation but a common problem for devices employing organic HTLs like spiro-MeOTAD or PTAA. [22,74,75,78] Thus, the use of alternative front side oxides next to TiO x and SnO x absorbing the UV radiation without changing the chemical properties of the layer might be of key importance to overcome this limiting factor. [22,[72][73][74][75] It was shwon before that UV radiation degrades perovskite solar cells at the front side interface of the metal oxide charge transport material and the perovskite absorber layer.…”

Section: Robustness Of Nickel Oxide-based Solar Cells Under Externalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron‐Beam‐Evaporated Nickel Oxide Hole Transport Layers for Perovskite‐Based Photovoltaics

Abzieher

Moghadamzadeh

Schackmar

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

141

149

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application-oriented research like process engineering and upscaling is observed. [1][2][3][4][5] Even though other optoelectronic devices like light emitting diodes and lasers are being researched, [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] perovskite-based photovoltaics (PV) is the key technology driving the fast emergence of perovskitebased optoelectronics. Recently, power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) close to 24% were demonstrated for perovskite PV, exceeding the PCEs of established thinfilm technologies. [14] Despite the rapid progress in terms of PCE, one key challenge of perovskite-based PV is still its low stability under realistic outdoor stress conditions-temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. A significant advance toward more stable devices was demonstrated by engineering the composition of the large cation site of the perovskite crystal structure and by including low-dimensional perovskite interlayers and passivation layers. [15][16][17][18][19][20] Further advances in stability are based on the charge extracting materials and their interfaces with the perovskite absorber layers. [21][22][23] Most reported record PCEs are still based on highly expensive organic hole transport layer (HTL) materials like 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis[N,N-di (4methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-MeOTAD) or poly[bis(4-phenyl)(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA). [20,24,25] Although these materials result in good performance on short High-quality charge carrier transport materials are of key importance for stable and efficient perovskite-based photovoltaics. This work reports on electron-beam-evaporated nickel oxide (NiO x ) layers, resulting in stable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 18.5% when integrated into solar cells employing inkjet-printed perovskite absorbers. By adding oxygen as a process gas and optimizing the layer thickness, transparent and efficient NiOx hole transport layers (HTLs) are fabricated, exhibiting an average absorptance of only 1%. The versatility of the material is demonstrated for different absorber compositions and deposition techniques. As another highlight of this work, all-evaporated perovskite solar cells employing an inorganic NiO x HTL are presented, achieving stable PCEs of up to 15.4%. Along with good PCEs, devices with electron-beam-evaporated NiO x show improved stability under realistic operating conditions with negligible degradation after 40 h of maximum power point tracking at 75 °C. Additionally, a strong improvement in device stability under ultraviolet radiation is found if compared to conventional perovskite solar cell architectures employing other metal oxide charge transport layers (e.g., titanium dioxide). Finally, an all-evaporated perovskite solar mini-module with a NiO x HTL is presented, reaching a PCE of 12.4% on an active device area of 2.3 cm 2 .

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Section: Robustness Of Nickel Oxide-based Solar Cells Under Externalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron‐Beam‐Evaporated Nickel Oxide Hole Transport Layers for Perovskite‐Based Photovoltaics

Abzieher

Moghadamzadeh

Schackmar

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

141

149

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“…Recently, it was reported that adding cesium (Cs) at the cation site can significantly reduce fabrication temperature for perovskite films . Due to the abundance of the precursor components and ease of fabrication, a variety of low‐temperature techniques has been developed to promote the performance of the PSCs in the past few years.…”

Section: Perovskite Absorber Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Device Components toward Efficient Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

2020

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Flexible solar cells have launched potential applications in diverse areas, such as civil engineering, consumer electronics, electric automobile, and aerospace use. In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been successful with a rocketing power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.8% to 25.2% in the last decade. Due to its material flexibility, together with low‐cost and facile fabrication processes, perovskites have certainly been considered as a promising candidate for the next generation of flexible solar cells. So far, the PCE of single‐junction flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) has reached 19.51%, which retains researchers' great enthusiasm for further development and applications of FPSCs. Herein, a brief review of the recent advances in the structural components of FPSCs is presented, including perovskite absorber layers, flexible substrates, transparent bottom electrodes, and charge carrier transport layers. In particular, the focus is on the development of low‐temperature fabrication processes of the aforementioned compositional layer structures. Finally, noticeable achievements and annual milestones are discussed and summarized, and suggestions for further improvement of FPSCs and their ways toward commercialization are presented.

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“…[37] You et al have successfully used high crystallinity of SnO 2 nanoparticles as the ETL for PSCs in 2016. [37] You et al have successfully used high crystallinity of SnO 2 nanoparticles as the ETL for PSCs in 2016.…”

Section: Snomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[19] In 2018, by the rational design of the surface passivation layer of perovskite, a certificated efficiency as high as 23.32% was reported. [37] To solve this problem, Phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) was applied to passivate both the SnO 2 /perovskite interface and perovskite grain boundaries by Yan et al, leading to a PCE of 19.12% with Voc of 1.12 V, Jsc of 22.61 mA •cm -2 , and FF of 75.8% (Figure 6e). For example, Liu et al added ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) into SnO 2 (E-SnO 2 ) to increase electron mobility of the ETL, which is increased by about 3 times compared with the control devices.…”

Section: Snomentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in High‐efficiency Planar‐structure Perovskite Solar Cells

Zhao

Chu

et al. 2019

Energy & Environ Materials

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Lead halide perovskite owns charge diffusion length in micrometer range, which makes the planar-structure solar cells possible. The simple and lowtemperature process of planar devices makes it very promising. The power conversion efficiency of planar perovskite solar cells has increased from 1.8% to 23.7% in past several years, which can compete with the mesoporous structure counterpart. In this minireview, recent progress in high-efficiency planar perovskite solar cells will be summarized. REVIEW Perovskite Solar CellsEnergy Environ. Mater. 2019, 2, 93-106

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SnO₂: A Wonderful Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 731 publications

References 83 publications

Electron‐Beam‐Evaporated Nickel Oxide Hole Transport Layers for Perovskite‐Based Photovoltaics

Electron‐Beam‐Evaporated Nickel Oxide Hole Transport Layers for Perovskite‐Based Photovoltaics

Recent Advances of Device Components toward Efficient Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

Recent Progress in High‐efficiency Planar‐structure Perovskite Solar Cells

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SnO2: A Wonderful Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 731 publications

References 83 publications

Electron‐Beam‐Evaporated Nickel Oxide Hole Transport Layers for Perovskite‐Based Photovoltaics

Electron‐Beam‐Evaporated Nickel Oxide Hole Transport Layers for Perovskite‐Based Photovoltaics

Recent Advances of Device Components toward Efficient Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells

Recent Progress in High‐efficiency Planar‐structure Perovskite Solar Cells

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SnO₂: A Wonderful Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cells