Sneaky Pancreatic Head Mass

Abstract

College and Hospital, India, with dyspeptic symptoms. On physical examination, epigastric tenderness was present and ultrasound revealed an ill defined inhomogeneous hyper echoic lesion in the head of pancreas. Hemogram, serum amylase, serum lipase and liver function tests were all normal. Contrast-enhanced CT showed a homogeneous focal mass measuring about 5 × 6 cm in the pancreatic head, (Figs. 1a and b). The mass was isodense with fat tissue, with interlobular septa, and without central or peripheral contrast. Upper GI endoscopy revealed mild antral gastritis. The patient improved with antacids.

Bioinformatic identification of cassava miRNAs differentially expressed in response to infection by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis

“…Two main criteria were considered for real pre-miRNAs: structural features identified from predicted foldings and a secondary structure statistical test. Candidate pre-miRNAs were folded with RNAFold from the Vienna RNA package [ 57 ] and mFold v. 3.5 [ 58 ]. Additional secondary structures for easier visualization were obtained using the RNAfolding utility in the sRNA toolkit [ 28 ].…”

“…Secondary structure minimum folding energy (MFE) significance was calculated using a statistical test; 1,000 random sequences were generated for each possible precursor, maintaining the same base composition and dinucleotide frequencies (k-let = 2) using ushuffle [ 60 ]. Random structures were then folded using RNAfold [ 57 ] and the p-value was calculated as the percentage of random structures having an MFE equal to or lower than the original precursor [ 61 ]. Real pre-miRNAs must had < 0.05 p-value.…”