Snake: the development and validation of a questionnaire on sleep disturbances in children with severe psychomotor impairment

Psychometric properties of parent and child reported sleep assessment tools in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review

“…19 Another 16 papers used sleep measures in this population but had limited psychometric data (Fig. It used the Schlaffragebogen f€ ur Kinder mit Neurologischen und Anderen Komplexen Erkrankungen (SNAKE) questionnaire.…”

“…19,20 An English version of the SDSC questionnaire was provided within the initial publication, but there was no description about its translation process. The SDSC and SNAKE questionnaires were initially developed in Italian and German respectively.…”

“…19,20 An English version of the SDSC questionnaire was provided within the initial publication, but there was no description about its translation process. Back translation was used twice, 19 but there was no description of the expertise of the translators or information about how differences between translators were resolved. [21][22][23][24] In the case of the SNAKE questionnaire, its cross-cultural validity to other languages including English has not yet been tested.…”

“…20 It has been validated in multiple languages other than English. 19 No pretest has been performed to check the interpretation and cultural relevance of the items, and the ease of comprehension in English. Back translation was used twice, 19 but there was no description of the expertise of the translators or information about how differences between translators were resolved.…”

“…19 The methodological quality of the studies assessing all the other tools in children with CP was poor given that there is insufficient information in this population (Table SI, online supporting information). It was initially tested on children admitted to hospital.…”