Sn-rich tourmaline from the Land&amp;rsquo;s End granite, SW England

Drivenes, K.

doi:10.3190/jgeosci.351

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…In tourmalines from Nanjizal, Land's End in England, it is 2.48 wt. % SnO 2 (Drivenes 2021); in Solnechnoe in Russia -1.02 wt. % SnO 2 ; (Baksheev et al 2020); in Pridorozhnoe in 3-1; Tab.…”

Section: Tin-enriched Tourmalinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti4+ and Sn4+-bearing tourmalines - pressure control and comparison of synthetic and natural counterparts

Vereshchagin¹,

Wunder²,

Baksheev³

et al. 2022

J. Geosci.

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Me 4+ -bearing (Me 4+ = Sn, Ti) dravite analogs were synthesized in the system MeO 2 -MgO-Al 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -NaO-H 2 O at 700 °C and 4 / 0.2 GPa in four hydrothermal experiments. Tourmalines form rosette-like aggregates and needle-like crystals that are chemically homogeneous. Tourmaline crystals obtained in high-pressure runs (4 GPa) are much smaller (up to 0.1 × 2 μm) and have lower Me 4+ (0.27 wt. % SnO 2 , 0.57 wt. % TiO 2 ) than those from the low-pressure (0.2 GPa) runs (up to 1 × 5 μm; 1.77 wt. % SnO 2 , 2.25 wt. % TiO 2 ). Synthetic analogs of rutile, quartz and coesite were obtained in the system TiO 2 -MgO-Al 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -NaO-H 2 O, whereas synthetic analogs of cassiterite, tin-rich (up to ~19.55 wt. % SnO 2 ) Na-pyroxene, MgSn(BO 3 ) 2 (Mg-analogue of tusionite), quartz and coesite were synthesized in the system SnO 2 -MgO-Al 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -NaO-H 2 O. We suggest that at a high temperature (≥ 700 ºC), the pressure negatively affects the Ti incorporation into the tourmaline structure. In contrast, at relatively low pressures, the Ti incorporation in tourmaline structures is governed by the Ti content in the mineral-forming medium. Low-pressure conditions are feasible for Sn incorporation in the tourmaline structure. The presence of Ti 4+ and Sn 4+ cations in structures of the synthesized tourmalines (probably at octahedrally coordinated sites), is also indicated by changes in the unit-cell parameters.

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Section: Tin-enriched Tourmalinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ti4+ and Sn4+-bearing tourmalines - pressure control and comparison of synthetic and natural counterparts

Vereshchagin¹,

Wunder²,

Baksheev³

et al. 2022

J. Geosci.

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“…Cornubian batholith magmatic and early hydrothermal tourmalines have low tin content, with early hydrothermal tourmalines generally containing less than 100 µg/g tin and magmatic tourmalines generally containing less than 20 µg/g tin [11,47,93]. The magmatic tourmaline content in the Jiajika X03 vein is significantly higher than 20 µg/g, possibly due to the fact that the available tin of tin-rich tourmaline may be present in the form of Sn 4+ through the oxidation of n(II) Cl-complexes or the presence of Sn (IV) Cl-complex during crystallization [94]. In some tourmalines with high titanium content, TiO 2 content can be as high as 4.62 wt.% [95].…”

Section: Metallogenic Significance Of Tourmaline From the Jiajika X03...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characteristics and Metallogenic Significance of the X03 Vein Tourmaline in the Jiajika Rare Metal Deposit, West Sichuan

et al. 2023

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The Jiajika rare metal deposit contains the largest area of granitic pegmatite-type rare metal deposits in China. The X03 vein is an immense rare metal deposit dominated by lithium, which was found in the deposit in recent years. The contact metamorphic belt of tourmalinization and petrochemistry is widely developed in its wall rocks, and the altered rocks formed contain Li and other rare metal mineralization. In this paper, the tourmaline found in the different rocks of the Jiajika X03 vein is divided into four types: two-mica quartz schist (Tur-Ⅰ), tourmaline hornfels (Tur-Ⅱ), tourmaline-bearing granite pegmatite (Tur-Ⅲ) and spodumene-bearing granite pegmatite (Tur-Ⅳ); their in situ major element, trace element and boron isotope data are systematically studied. The results show that all tourmalines in the Jiajika X03 vein deposit belong to the alkali group, and are schorl–Oxy/Fluor–schorl, dravite–Hydroxy-dravite and foitite–Oxy foitite solid solutions, among which Tur-Ⅰ are dravite, Tur-Ⅱ are foitite of hydrothermal origin and Tur-Ⅲ and Tur-Ⅳ are schorl of magmatic origin. The boron isotope values show that the boron involved the formation process of tourmaline mainly originates from the Majingzi S-type granite, and the boron isotope variations in tourmaline are controlled by melt fluid and Rayleigh fractionation. Moreover, there is a clear correlation between the B isotope value of tourmaline and the Li, Mn, Zn, Mg, and V contents, showing that these contents in tourmaline are good indicators of the mineralization type of pegmatite.

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“…Henry et al , 2008). In graphitic rocks, oxy-tourmaline records metamorphic reactions via episodic accumulation of Ti, Cr and V during its growth (Bosi et al , 2013; Cempírek et al , 2013; Bosi et al , 2017a), and in ore systems, their increase of Fe 3+ contents may indicate fluid boiling and metal discharge (Duchoslav et al , 2017; Drivenes 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical properties and crystal structure of near end-member oxy-dravite from the Beluga occurrence, Nunavut territory, Canada

Skřápková,

Cempírek,

Belley

et al. 2023

MinMag

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Oxy-dravite, ideally Na(Al2Mg)(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(O), was found in a composition near its ideal end-member at the Beluga occurrence, Nunavut territory, Canada. It occurs in retrograde albite–muscovite–corundum–calcite domains in a calc-silicate rock. This uncommon oxy-dravite occurs as dark brown, equant to short-prismatic, idiomorphic crystals with vitreous lustre and up to ca. 4 × 3 cm in size. The oxy-dravite is optically uniaxial (–), with ω = 1.6453(5) and ɛ = 1.6074(18); its calculated density is 3.069 g.cm–3 with a compatibility index of 0.016. The Beluga oxy-dravite has trigonal symmetry, space group R3m with a = 15.9121(2) Å, c = 7.1788(10) Å, V = 1574.12(5) Å3 and Z = 3. The crystal structure was refined to R1 = 1.45 using 1613 unique reflections. The empirical crystal-chemical formula is X(Na0.88Ca0.08□0.03K0.01)Y(Al1.49Mg1.31Fe0.15Ti0.04Zn0.01)Z(Al5.42Mg0.58)T(Si5.84Al0.16O18)B(BO3)3V(OH2.95O0.05)W(O0.84OH0.01F0.15). Oxy-dravite in nature commonly occurs in a solid solution with foitite, schorl and oxy-schorl. At the Beluga occurrence, its minor contents of Al, vacancy [□], and Ca are most likely compensated by (□Al)(NaR2+)–1 and (CaMg)(NaAl)–1 exchanges of the oxy-magnesio-foitite and magnesio-lucchesiite components. The Beluga occurrence of oxy-dravite is characterised by an Mg-rich environment related to a metamorphic overprint of the original sedimentary sequence. This sequence of marine dolomitic argillaceous marl was influenced by (B,Cl)-rich fluids, probably proximally-derived from mineral breakdown reactions in the calc-silicate during the retrograde stage of metamorphism. The locality is a rare example of a tourmaline + corundum assemblage.

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Sn-rich tourmaline from the Land’s End granite, SW England

Cited by 5 publications

References 54 publications

Ti4+ and Sn4+-bearing tourmalines - pressure control and comparison of synthetic and natural counterparts

Ti4+ and Sn4+-bearing tourmalines - pressure control and comparison of synthetic and natural counterparts

Geochemical Characteristics and Metallogenic Significance of the X03 Vein Tourmaline in the Jiajika Rare Metal Deposit, West Sichuan

Physical properties and crystal structure of near end-member oxy-dravite from the Beluga occurrence, Nunavut territory, Canada

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