SN 1978K: an Extraordinary Supernova in the Nearby Galaxy NGC 1313

Ryder, S. D.; Staveley‐Smith, L.; Dopita, Michael A.; Petre, Robert; Colbert, E. J. M.; Malin, D. F.; Schlegel, Eric M.

doi:10.1086/173223

Cited by 99 publications

(120 citation statements)

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108

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“…It would imply that the brightness of SN 1978K was of the 8th magnitude. This is in contrast to the suggestion by Ryder et al (1993) that SN 1978K was subluminous. Although a very large luminosity of SN 1978K is not completely excluded given the sparse observations in 1978, we conclude that IS dust echo is also unlikely.…”

Section: Light Echocontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…SN 1978K is an extraordinarily strong Type IIn SN, which is visible both in radio and X-ray even at ∼30 yr after the explosion (Ryder et al 1993;Petre et al 1994;Chugai et al 1995;Schlegel et al 1996Schlegel et al , 1999Schlegel et al , 2000Schlegel et al , 2004Montes et al 1997;Chu et al 1999;Lenz & Schlegel 2007;Smith et al 2007). Such long-lasting radio and X-ray emissions are clear evidence for the presence of the dense CSM, with which the SN ejecta has been interacting (Chevalier 1982;Chevalier & Fransson 1994;Chugai et al 1995).…”

Section: Spectral Fitmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Search for Infrared Emission From Core-Collapse Supernovae at the Transitional Phase

Tanaka¹,

Nozawa²,

Sakon³

et al. 2012

ApJ

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Most of the observational studies of supernova (SN) explosions are limited to early phases (100 yr) in our Galaxy or very nearby galaxies. SNe at the epoch between these two, which we call the "transitional" phase, have not been explored in detail except for several extragalactic SNe including SN 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We present theoretical predictions for the infrared (IR) dust emissions by several mechanisms; emission from dust formed in the SN ejecta, light echo by circumstellar (CS) and interstellar (IS) dust, and emission from shocked CS dust. We search for IR emission from six core-collapse SNe at the transitional phase in the nearby galaxies NGC 1313, NGC 6946, and M101 by using the data taken with the AKARI satellite and Spitzer. Among six targets, we detect the emission from SN 1978K in NGC 1313. SN 1978K is associated with 1.3 × 10 −3 M of silicate dust. We show that, among several mechanisms, the shocked CS dust is the most probable emission source to explain the IR emission observed for SN 1978K. IR emission from the other five objects is not detected. Our current observations are sensitive to IR luminosity of >10 38 erg s −1 , and the non-detection of SN 1962M excludes the existence of the shocked CS dust for a high gas mass-loss rate of ∼10 −4 M yr −1 . Observations of SNe at the transitional phase with future IR satellites will fill the gap of IR observations of SNe with the age of 10-100 yr, and give a new opportunity to study the CS and IS environments of the progenitor, and possibly dust formation in SNe.

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Section: Light Echocontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Spectral Fitmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Search for Infrared Emission From Core-Collapse Supernovae at the Transitional Phase

Tanaka¹,

Nozawa²,

Sakon³

et al. 2012

ApJ

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show abstract

“…The Chandra position of SN 1978K is α = 03h 17m 38.69s, δ = -66 0 33 03.6 (J2000), within 0.46 from the accurate (0.1 ) radio position of [19]. This is consistent with the expected Chandra aspect accuracy.…”

Section: X-ray Astrometrysupporting

confidence: 81%

Optical counterpart of the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 1313 X-2

Zampieri

Mucciarelli

Falomo

et al. 2004

Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements

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“…Since many of these objects are dominated by line emission and the line strengths critically depend on density and composition of both the supernova ejecta and the circumstellar medium (CSM), filter light curves can vary significantly from object to object. A few classical cases are known so far: SN1978K [96], SN1986J [61,95], SN1988Z [114] and SN1995N [41].…”

Section: Core Collapse Supernovaementioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Light Curves of Supernovae

Leibundgut

Suntzeff

2003

Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursters

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Abstract. Photometry is the most easily acquired information about supernovae. The light curves constructed from regular imaging provide signatures not only for the energy input, the radiation escape, the local environment and the progenitor stars, but also for the intervening dust. They are the main tool for the use of supernovae as distance indicators through the determination of the luminosity.The light curve of SN1987A still is the richest and longest observed example for a core-collapse supernova. Despite the peculiar nature of this object, as explosion of a blue supergiant, it displayed all the characteristics of type II supernovae. The light curves of type Ib/c supernovae are more homogeneous, but still display the signatures of explosions in massive stars, among them early interaction with their circumstellar material.Wrinkles in the near-uniform appearance of thermonuclear (type Ia) supernovae have emerged during the past decade. Subtle differences have been observed especially at near infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Interestingly, the light curve shapes appear to correlate with a variety of other characteristics of these supernovae.The construction of bolometric light curves provides the most direct link to theoretical predictions and can yield sorely needed constraints for the models. First steps in this direction have been already made.

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SN 1978K: an Extraordinary Supernova in the Nearby Galaxy NGC 1313

Cited by 99 publications

References 0 publications

A Search for Infrared Emission From Core-Collapse Supernovae at the Transitional Phase

A Search for Infrared Emission From Core-Collapse Supernovae at the Transitional Phase

Optical counterpart of the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 1313 X-2

Optical Light Curves of Supernovae

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