Smouldering Combustion in Loose-Fill Wood Fibre Thermal Insulation: An Experimental Study

Steen‐Hansen, Anne; Mikalsen, Ragni Fjellgaard; Jensen, Ulla Eidissen

doi:10.1007/s10694-018-0757-4

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Fire experiments were performed by using a smoldering fire test cylinder, in‐house built at RISE Fire Research in Trondheim (Figure ) . The tested material was contained within a stainless steel cylinder with insulated side walls.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The complexity of smoldering fires is thoroughly described in the literature . A smoldering fire is a flameless form of incomplete combustion, and the propagating reaction may leave behind a char that contains a significant amount of non‐combusted fuel, in addition to ash.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have focused on smoldering fires in various biomass materials, such as wood pellets, peat, dust, coal, mulch, wood fiber insulation, and cotton . Some of these products are relatively refined and stored in dry, closed conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of particle granularity on smoldering fire in wood chips made from wood waste: An experimental study

et al. 2020

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Fires in wood waste storages cause financial losses, are difficult to extinguish, and emit large amounts of fire effluents. The mechanisms related to fires in wood chip piles are not well elucidated. To find suitable preventive measures for handling such fires in wood waste, a better understanding of the physical properties of wood waste is needed. The present study investigates how granularity affects mechanisms of smoldering fire and transition to flaming in wood chip piles. Eighteen experiments with samples inside a top-ventilated, vertical cylinder were conducted. Heating from underneath the cylinder induced auto-ignition and smoldering fire, and temperatures and mass loss of the sample were measured. The results showed that granularity significantly affects the smoldering fire dynamics. Material containing larger wood chips (length 4-100 mm) demonstrated more irregular temperature development, higher temperatures, faster combustion, and higher mass losses than material of smaller wood chips (length <4 mm). The larger wood chips also underwent transition to flaming fires. Flaming fires were not observed for small wood chips, which instead demonstrated prolonged and steady smoldering propagation. The differences are assumed to be partly due to the different bulk densities of the samples of large and small wood chips affecting the ventilation conditions. Increased knowledge about these combustion processes and transition to flaming is vital to develop risk-reducing measures when storing wood chips made from wood waste in piles.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of particle granularity on smoldering fire in wood chips made from wood waste: An experimental study

et al. 2020

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“…After a few hours of exposure, the ignition temperature can be much lower, below 200°C [14,[22][23][24]. Wood fibre insulation begins to smoulder at temperatures between 225°C and 290°C [25,26]. Conservative generic values of the critical ignition temperatures for rigid polyisocyanurate foam (PIR) and rigid phenolic foam (PF) are approximately 300°C and 425°C, respectively [21,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A new testing method for analysing and assessing continuous glowing combustion testing was published in May 2016 and is introduced in EN 16733 [33]. The method, which was developed by the Institut fu¨r Brandtechnologie GmbH [34], is based on the method specified in EN 13823 [26]. In the research carried out by the Institut fu¨r Brandtechnologie GmbH, three different mineral wool products were tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Smouldering Combustion of Mineral Wool Insulation in Chimney Penetrations

Leppänen

Malaska

2019

Fire Technol

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A large number of fires have been caused by metal chimney penetrations in recent years. One factor that has contributed to these occurrences is smouldering combustion within mineral wool, which is often used as insulation in metal chimneys and their penetrations. Based on reaction to fire performance mineral wool is typically classified as a non-combustible material and in European standards it belongs to category Euroclass A1. However, mineral wool insulation products contain organic material, which smoulders and generates heat at temperatures between 200°C and 500°C. Experimental research indicates that this additional heat may increase the temperature in the chimney penetration materials over 100°C for a limited period of time. The European fire classification of materials does not set requirements to control mineral wool smouldering and limit the subsequent heat release. This experimental study examined the smouldering of mineral wool insulation products specified for chimney penetrations and the heat release generated during the smouldering combustion. The aim of the study was to determine the actual level of temperature increase within the chimney penetration and to estimate the effects of the increase with regard to fire safety. The study also reviewed how the smouldering potential of an insulation material could be considered in the fire classification of products.

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Extinguishing Smoldering Fires in Wood Pellets with Water Cooling: An Experimental Study

et al. 2018

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Smouldering Combustion in Loose-Fill Wood Fibre Thermal Insulation: An Experimental Study

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Effect of particle granularity on smoldering fire in wood chips made from wood waste: An experimental study

Effect of particle granularity on smoldering fire in wood chips made from wood waste: An experimental study

Experimental Study on the Smouldering Combustion of Mineral Wool Insulation in Chimney Penetrations

Extinguishing Smoldering Fires in Wood Pellets with Water Cooling: An Experimental Study

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