Smooth muscle cells of human intracranial aneurysms assume phenotypic features similar to those of the atherosclerotic plaque

Human Bone Marrow Contains Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cells That Differentiate In Vitro into Contractile Myofibroblasts Controlling T Lymphocyte Proliferation

“…MSC were fixed for 20 minutes in RPMI 1% paraformaldehyde (PFA), 2% HEPES, rinsed in PBS, and incubated for 5 minutes at −20°C in methanol prior to staining with anti- α SMA [ 34 ]. Alternatively cells were fixed in ethanol for 30 seconds and stained with anti-SMMHCs or anti-NMMHCIIA.…”

“…Membranes were fixed in 4% PFA, embedded in paraffin, and cut into 5-micron thick sections. Immunostaining for α SMA, SMMHCs, and NMMHCIIA were performed as described in [ 34 , 35 ]. Sections were exposed to microwave radiation (750 W, 5 minutes) in citrate buffer (10 mM, pH 6.0) for α SMA and to a pressure cooker (3 minutes) in citrate buffer for SMMHCs and NMMHCIIA.…”

Intracranial Aneurysms: Wall Motion Analysis for Prediction of Rupture

“…52,53 In addition, aneurysm smooth-muscle cells acquire a dedifferentiated phenotype similar to that in smooth-muscle cells in atherosclerotic plaques. 54 Most interesting, atherosclerosis is associated with chronic inflammation, which might explain, at least in part, the inflammatory changes.…”

Cardiovascular homeostasis dependence on MICU2, a regulatory subunit of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter

“…Calgranulins are a family of small acidic calcium signaling proteins that promote inflammation and vascular disease by activating the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) ( 86 ), and are linked to vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis ( 87 , 88 ). S100a4 is strongly up-regulated in human thoracic aortic aneurysms ( 89 ) and intracranial aneurysms ( 90 ). Mechanistically, silencing S100a4 decreases vascular smooth proliferation and matrix metalloproteinase expression ( 89 ).…”