Smoking status, nicotine dependence and happiness in nine countries of the former Soviet Union

Stickley, Andrew; Koyanagi, Ai; Roberts, Bayard; Leinsalu, Mall; Goryakin, Yevgeniy

doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-052092

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Regarding mental health and happiness, Stickley et al [13] found that ex-smokers and those who have never smoked were significantly happier than current smokers. Furthermore, Kobau et al[14] emphasized that well-being differed by demographic characteristics such as marital status, health behaviors, chronic conditions, and disability status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between health culture, health behaviors, and health-related outcomes: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundTo examine the associations between demographic characteristics, health behaviors, workplace health culture, and health-related outcomes in Chinese workplaces.MethodsA total of 1508 employees from 10 administrative offices and 6 enterprises were recruited for a cross-sectional survey. Self-administered questionnaires mainly addressed demographic characteristics, health behaviors, workplace health culture, and health-related outcomes including self-rated health, mental health, and happiness.ResultsThe proportion of participants who reported good health-related outcomes was significantly higher in those working in administrative offices than those working in enterprises. The result of the potential factors related to self-rated health (SRH), mental health, and happiness by logistic regression analyses showed that age and income were associated with SRH; type of workplace, age, smoking, and health culture at the workplace level were associated with mental health; and beneficial health effects of direct leadership was positively associated with happiness. Moreover, there were some similar results among 3 multivariate regression models. Firstly, good SRH (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.744), mental health (OR = 1.891), and happiness (OR = 1.736) were more common among highly physically active participants compared with those physical inactive. Furthermore, passive smoking was negatively correlated with SRH (OR = 0.686), mental health (OR = 0.678), and happiness (OR = 0.616), while health culture at the individual level was positively correlated with SRH (OR = 1.478), mental health (OR = 1.654), and happiness (OR = 2.916).ConclusionsThe present study indicated that workplace health culture, health behaviors, and demographic characteristics were associated with health-related outcomes. Furthermore, individual health culture, physical activity, and passive smoking might play a critical role in workplace health promotion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between health culture, health behaviors, and health-related outcomes: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2017

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“…Moore17 analyses a sample of 724 smokers over 11 years and finds decreases in SWB among those who increase their daily smoking frequency, even after controlling for self-reported health status. Finally, Stickley et al 18 analyse a large cross-sectional survey of adults from across the former Soviet Union and find that ex-smokers enjoy significantly higher SWB than current smokers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking status and subjective well-being

Weinhold

Chaloupka²

2016

Tob Control

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Abstract:Background/aims: A debate is currently underway about the FDA's methods for evaluating anti-tobacco regulation. In particular, the US government requires a costbenefit analysis for significant new regulations, which has led the FDA to consider potential lost subjective well-being (SWB) of ex-smokers as a cost of any proposed anti-tobacco policy. This practice, which significantly limits regulatory capacity, is premised on the assumption that there is in fact a loss in SWB among ex-smokers. Methods:We analyze the relationship between SWB and smoking status using a longitudinal internet survey of over 5000 Dutch adults across five years. We control for socio-economic, demographic and health characteristics, and in a contribution to the literature we additionally control for two potential confounding personality characteristics, habitual use of external substances and sensitivity to stress. In another contribution, we estimate panel fixed effects models that additionally control for unobservable time-invariant characteristics. Results:We find strong suggestive evidence that ex-smokers do not suffer a net loss in SWB. We also find no evidence that the change in SWB of those who quit smoking under stricter tobacco control policies is different from those who quit under a more relaxed regulatory environment. Furthermore, our cross-sectional estimates suggest that the increase in SWB from quitting smoking is not only statistically significant but also of a meaningful magnitude. Conclusion:In sum, we find no empirical support for the proposition that exsmokers suffer lower net subjective well-being compared to when they were smoking.Key words: smoking status, cessation, subjective well-being Word count: 3983 2 What This Study AddsWhat is known: Many smokers fear their subjective well-being will fall if they quit smoking.  The FDA's regulatory impact analysis assumes a fall in subjective well-being from policy-induced smoking cessation and proposes discounting the calculated benefits from tobacco control policies accordingly.What important gaps in knowledge exist: Existing theory cannot unambiguously predict whether subjective well-being will rise or fall with smoking cessation.  Empirical studies of the welfare effects of tobacco control policies yield mixed results. A limited literature that focuses on changes in individual subjective wellbeing associated with smoking status generally provides suggestive evidence that well-being increases after cessation, but these studies have been methodologically limited by the potential existence of unobservable confounding personality characteristics and reverse causality. What this study adds: In an advance over previous studies, we control for many more socio-economic, demographic and health-related factors, and also for two potential confounding underlying personality characteristics, a tendency towards habitual use of external substances and a sensitivity to stress.  This paper is also the first study in this literature to estimate panel data fixed effects model...

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“…Higher levels of nicotine dependence was associated with lower levels of happiness, as reported from the former Soviet Union, while a work place study from New Zealand reported smoking to be negatively associated with happiness. 23,26 Happier individuals (94.3%), in the current study lived in the security of their own homes. This was similar to studies done from China, Latin America where home ownership was identified as a strong predictor of happiness.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…13,15,20 People who were healthy or had no co morbidities were found to be happier than the people with co morbidities in the study, which paralleled with studies done within India and outside. 16,17,[19][20][21][22][23]25 Individuals who met their friends and relatives regularly or were a part of a social group were found to be happier than the lonelier ones and this result was statistically significant. This finding was well supported by reported literature as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Are rural adults happy? An observational study of happiness and its determinants

Rao

Soans

Anjum

et al. 2017

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Background: Happiness has been defined as the degree to which an individual judges the overall quality of his or her life as favourable. The happiness of a society, depends on its individual members. So, the study was designed to assess happiness among rural adults and to identify various socio- demographic, family and health determinants affecting happiness.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted in the field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, KMC Manipal. The study included 403 permanent residents of field practice area, aged ≥20 years, of both gender and willing to participate in the study. Information pertaining to socio-demographic characteristics, details pertaining to co-morbidities, habits and family particulars were collected by personal interviews using a pre-designed questionnaire. Happiness was assessed using the Oxford happiness questionnaire.Results: A total of 403 subjects participated in the study and among them 82% of the respondents were happy and 17.6% were unhappy, as per the Oxford happiness questionnaire. Over half of the participants belonged to 30-60 years and two-thirds were females (66.5%). There was no gender difference in reported happiness. Almost all the people who had cordial relationship with family members (99.1%) and neighbourhood (97.9%), owning a house (94%) and being without co-morbidities (56%) were happy. Past hospitalization, concerns about child marriage and employment made people less happy.Conclusions: Good relationship with family members and neighbourhood, absence of co-morbidities was positive determinants of happiness, while hospitalization, concerns about employment and marriage of their children contributed to unhappiness.

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Smoking status, nicotine dependence and happiness in nine countries of the former Soviet Union

Cited by 34 publications

References 53 publications

Associations between health culture, health behaviors, and health-related outcomes: A cross-sectional study

Associations between health culture, health behaviors, and health-related outcomes: A cross-sectional study

Smoking status and subjective well-being

Are rural adults happy? An observational study of happiness and its determinants

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