Smoking-related lung diseases: a clinical perspective

Balbi, Bruno; Cottin, Vincent; Singh, Sally; Wever, Walter De; Herth, Felix J.F.; Cordeiro, Carlos Robalo

doi:10.1183/09031936.00189309

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…CPFE is also associated with pulmonary hypertension, which predicts a dismal prognosis [4] . The syndrome of CPFE has been recently considered part of the spectrum of smoking-related interstitial lung diseases [5] . Imaging features are characteristic but various, with centrilobular emphysema (CLE) and/or paraseptal emphysema in the upper lobes and diffuse infiltrative opacities suggestive of pulmonary fibrosis predominating in the lower lobes [6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: Is the emphysema type associated with the pattern of fibrosis?

Oikonomou¹,

Mintzopoulou²,

Τzouvelekis³

et al. 2015

WJR

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: Is the emphysema type associated with the pattern of fibrosis?

Oikonomou¹,

Mintzopoulou²,

Τzouvelekis³

et al. 2015

WJR

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“…The presence of emphysema, i.e. a well-known smoking-related disease, is associated with a more severe course of IPF and with a higher prevalence of pulmonary hypertension [82][83][84][85]. The entity of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema can also be observed in the context of CTD-ILDs [86].…”

Section: Beware Of Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the pathogenesis and clinical evaluation of pulmonary fibrosis

Margaritopoulos¹,

Romagnoli²,

Poletti³

et al. 2012

European Respiratory Review

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Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a group of heterogeneous disorders, either idiopathic or associated with injurious or inflammatory causes, in which the major site of damage is the lung interstitium. For a long time, knowledge regarding pathogenesis was trivial and there were difficulties in diagnosing and subsequently treating these diseases.During the past decade, however, there has been an impressive development in the field of ILDs. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the most common and fatal form of ILD, was initially believed to be due to an inflammatory response to unknown lung injury, whereas nowadays it is believed to be the result of multiple injuries at different sites of the lung followed by aberrant repair.The integration of clinical, radiological and histological data, namely a multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach, has provided grounds for a more accurate diagnosis of ILDs, and helped the identification of different entities and development of different therapeutic approaches. However, because of the complexity of ILDs, even this approach may fail to establish a confident diagnosis.How should the clinician behave in this case and what are the pitfalls of the MDT approach? In addition, since diagnosis is the major predictor of prognosis, are there any other tools available to predict prognosis?

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“…The entity of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema has been classified in the group of smoking-induced chronic lung disease [2,20]. It is characterised by the association of distinct features, including tobacco smoking, severe dyspnoea, unexpected subnormal spirometry, severely impaired transfer capacity for carbon monoxide, hypoxaemia on exercise and characteristic imaging features.…”

Section: Evolving Phenotypes Of Ildmentioning

confidence: 99%