Smoking related COPD and facial wrinkling: Is there a common susceptibility?

Abstract

Background: Cigarette smoking causes accelerated facial wrinkling and predisposes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it has long been recognised that there is a subgroup of susceptible smokers who are at increased risk of developing airflow obstruction. We have tested the hypothesis that there is a common susceptibility for the development of COPD and facial wrinkling in cigarette smokers. Methods: One hundred and forty nine current and ex-smokers were recruited from a family based study of COPD genetics, 68 (45.6%) of whom fulfilled the definition of COPD. 124 (83.2%) had no or minor facial wrinkling (Daniell ,IV) and 25 (16.8%) were wrinkled (Daniell score >IV). Generalised estimating equations were used to adjust for familial correlations between related individuals and the potential confounding effects of age and pack years smoked. Results: Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) was significantly lower in those with wrinkles than in those without (mean difference in FEV 1 % predicted 213.7%, 95% CI 227.5 to 0.0, p = 0.05) and facial wrinkling was associated with a substantially increased risk of COPD (adjusted OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.3 to 18.5, p,0.02). The Daniell score correlated with the extent of emphysema on the CT scan (p,0.05) and facial wrinkling was also associated with a greater risk of more extensive emphysema (adjusted OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.0 to 9.3, p = 0.05). Conclusion: Facial wrinkling is associated with COPD in smokers, and both disease processes may share a common susceptibility. Facial wrinkling in smokers may therefore be a biomarker of susceptibility to COPD.

MMP-1 and -3 Promoter Variants Are Indicative of a Common Susceptibility for Skin and Lung Aging: Results from a Cohort of Elderly Women (SALIA)

“…Our findings corroborate and extend previous studies on the association between skin and lung aging (Lange and Schnohr, 1994;Patel et al, 2006). In contrast to previous findings, we could not show that the association between skin and lung aging is smoking dependent.…”

“…This assumption might be particularly true for organs that age as a consequence of extrinsic factors and cellular mechanisms that they hold in common with skin aging. In support of this concept, two previous studies (Lange andSchnohr, 1994 andPatel et al, 2006) showed that there is a smoking-dependent association between skin wrinkling and airflow obstruction of the lung, characteristic aging features of these two organs, respectively. They further suggested that pronounced skin wrinkling might be a marker for an underlying susceptibility for the effect of smoking on airflow obstruction.…”

“…They further suggested that pronounced skin wrinkling might be a marker for an underlying susceptibility for the effect of smoking on airflow obstruction. In addition, Patel et al (2006) hypothesized that changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) might be important in the pathogenesis of both skin wrinkling and airflow obstruction and that polymorphisms in genes relevant for ECM remodeling might be responsible for the underlying susceptibility of skin and lung aging.…”

Acne and smoking

“…29 A recent work by Patel et al demonstrated a correlation between cutaneous aging in smokers and COPD. 30 Future studies would verify, if the presence of APAA could be a marker for predisposition to systemic damage by smoke as for early cutaneous aging.…”

Risk factors and self‐perception for facial aging among Nepalese population

“…The interplay of associated comorbidities in the causation of facial wrinkling is also reported in the literature. 20,21 Various studies on the influence of personal habits and behaviors (sunlight exposure, cigarette smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption, and cleaning teeth) on facial wrinkles show discrepancies in results. 16,17,22 In the present study, exposure to the sunlight had a significant association with wrinkling score.…”